A Development of Language assisted by Onomatopoeia of the children with down's Syndrome

Kamizono（1988）发现唐氏综合症儿童通过使用拟声词提高了沟通能力。然后，我们分析了唐氏综合症儿童在自由游戏情境下的拟声词，探讨了唐氏综合症儿童在交际中有效使用拟声词的原因和认知背景。结果如下：语音方面：1)唐氏综合症儿童可以很容易地表达拟声词。因为拟声词的声音类似于冒泡的声音。2)拟声词易于记忆，易于对拟声词进行声乐模仿。因为拟声词的音系结构是重复音素和冗余的。语义方面：1)拟声词的音义之间存在着一种收缩关系。因此。人们可以直接接触到声音的含义。即使是抽象能力不强的唐氏儿童也能很容易地理解拟声词的含义。由于上述拟声词的特点，唐氏综合症儿童可以通过自己的声音传播出一个意义的世界(1)。1)唐氏综合症儿童的拟声词大多是所谓的“伪交流”。意思是永远不会进行意图的交换。根据这个结果。患有唐氏综合症的儿童可能会使用拟声词来保持与其他人的关系。2)亲密的人(前。妈妈。班主任。等)理解唐氏综合症儿童发出的声音的所指。但其他人无法理解所指。这一结果可能提示唐氏综合症儿童的交流因人际关系而改变。3)交际情境中的拟声词具有情境限定特征。因此，唐氏综合症患儿的沟通能力有所提高。利用意义的约束和特点。沟通的情况。基于上述发现，我们正在研究拟声词辅助语言治疗方案。少

Kamizono(1988)found that the children with Down's syndrome increased communication ability by using onomatopoeia. Then, we analyzed the onomatopoeia of the children with Down's syndrome in free play situation to investigate the reason and cognitive background of effective usage of onomatopoeia in their communication. The results are follows.1. Phonological aspects : 1)the children with Down's syndrome can articulate onomatopoeia easily. because onomatopoeia's sounds are similar to bubbling sounds. 2)Onomatopoeia can be easily retained in memory and vocal imitation of onomatopoeia can be performed easily. because the phonological structure of onomatopoeia are the duplir-ated phonemes and redundant.2. Semantic aspects : 1)There is a contractive relationship between the sounds and meaning in onomatopoeia. therefore. one can directively access the meaning of the sound. Even the children with Down's syndrome who have week abstract ability can easily comprehend the meaning of onomatopoeia. 2 … More )The children with Down's syndrome can spread out a world of the meaning by their own vocal sound, because of the characteristics of onomatopoeia above mentioned(1).3. Pragmatic aspects : 1)Most onomatopoeias by the children with Down's syndrome are what is called "psudo-communication". which means to be never carried out the give-and-take of intentions. According to this result. the children with Down's syndrome may use onomatopoeia to keep the relation to other people. 2)Intimate persons(ex. mother. teacher in charge. etc.)comprehended the referent of the vocal sounds uttered by the children with Down's syndrome. but other people can not comprehend the referent. This result may suggest that communication in children with Down's syndrome changes due to human relation. 3)Onomatopoeia in communication situation has a situation-bounded characteristic. Therefore, the children with Down' syndrome improve the communication skill. by taking advantage of the constraint of meanings and the characteristics. of communication situation. We are investigating the program of speech therapy with the help of onomatopoeia based on the above findings. Less