Morphological and Taxonomical Studies on Natural Hybrids of the Pufferfih Genus Takifugu.

这项研究的材料是从本州的日本海岸和九州西海岸收集的。对这些材料的形态观察表明，该属有3个天然杂交种，它们是：(1)黄鳍金枪鱼×红鳍金枪鱼；(2)黄鳍金枪鱼×蠕虫；(3)黄花鱼×红豆杉(T.chinensis)。杂种(I)的特征是身体的背侧和腹侧有小刺，黑色背部有倾斜的白色线条和斑点图案。这种杂交种是从九州附近的水域采集的。(II)的杂交种在体型和体色上表现为黄翅大麦和蠕虫大麦的中间状态。其特征是：鳍全部为黄色，背侧为暗褐色，有许多不规则的白色斑点，背侧和腹侧有微弱的细刺。这一杂交品种是在有莱克湾采集的。(Iii)的杂交特征是身体的背侧和腹侧有非常弱的刺，身体的背部黑色，胸鳍后面有一个大的黑色圆斑，肛鳍是白色的。这种杂交种已在东中国海和日本海西部被发现。关于Takifugu属的命名上的混淆被仔细澄清。文献调查表明，被许多作者频繁使用的河豚实际上是河豚的初级主观同义词。日本的河豚也被考察，以阐明它们的系统特征。给出了这些物种的检索表。

Materials for this research were collected from the Japan Sea coasts of Honshu and from the west coast of Kyushu. Morphological examinations on these materials revealed that there are three natural hybrids in the genus Takifugu; they are (I) Takifugu xanthopterus x T. rubripes, (II) T. xanthopterus x T. vermicularis, and (III) T. porpbyreus x T. rubripes (or T. chinensis). The hybrid (I) is characterized by having small spines on the dorsal and ventral sides of the body, black back with oblique patterns of white lines and spots. This hybrid has been collected from the waters around Kyushu. The hybrid of (II) shows intermediate conditions between T. xanthopterus and T. vermicularis in the body shape and color. It is distinct in the combination of the following characters: all fins yellow, dorsal side of body dark brown with many irregular white spots, and weak minute spines on the dorsal and ventral sides of the body. This hybrid has been collected in Ariake Bay. The hybrid of (III) is characterized by having very weak spines on the dorsal and ventral sides of the body, black back of the body with a large round black blotch on the side behind the pectoral fin, and the white anal fin. This hybrid has been known from the East China Sea and the western part of the Japan Sea.The nomenclatural confusion about the generic name of Takifugu was carefully clarified. Literature surveys revealed that Fugu, which has been frequently used by many authors, is actually a junior subjective synonym of Takifugu.Japanese species of Takifugu were also examined to clarify their systematic features. A key to these species was given.