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Study on the role of free radical at the infection sites of plant pathogenic Bacteria and on its application for the control of plant diseases.

自由基在植物病原菌侵染部位的作用及其在植物病害防治中的应用研究。

基本信息

批准号：
63560041
负责人：
TSUYUMU Shinji
金额：
$ 1.54万
依托单位：
Shizuoka University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1988
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1988 至 1989
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

First, we have devised the way to detect the formation of free radicals by electron spin resonance. Namely, we could minimize the noise by detecting the absorption at room temperature using the freeze-dried whole plants as the samples. Using this system, we have found that many plants showed common and stable absorption of width 8G at around g = 2,004. As the browning of plants due to cellular damage increased, the absorption became higher. when browning was retarded by dipping the plant tissues in NaCl solution, new absorption pattern which resembles to the one of chelated manganese appeared. The latter absorption was also observed in the process of green tea. In the plant pathogenic bacteria, pectin lyase, a plant tissue-macerating enzyme, was found to be induced by the formation of free radicals in plants. Then, we proceeded to the further analysis of free radicals in the browning process induced by pathogenic bacteria using the culture of tobacco cells. One of the nonpathogenic mutants, which was obtained by random transposition and was deficient in inducing browning, was used as the control. From the analyses of ESR absorption and of chemiluminescence, we could show that the free radicals are involved in the early event of the infection by plant pathogens. These data indicate that plant breeding by single cell selection and disease management can be done by interfering the balance of the formation and destruction of free radicals.

首先，我们设计了通过电子自旋共振检测自由基形成的方法。也就是说，我们可以通过在室温下使用冻干的整个植物作为样品检测吸收来最小化噪声。使用该系统，我们发现许多植物在g = 2，004左右显示出对宽度8G的共同且稳定的吸收。随着植物细胞损伤引起的布朗宁的增加，吸收变得更高。当用NaCl溶液浸泡植物组织来延缓布朗宁时，出现了类似于螯合锰的新吸收模式。在绿色茶加工过程中也观察到后者的吸收。在植物病原细菌中，果胶裂解酶是一种植物组织的软化酶，被发现是由植物体内自由基的形成所诱导的。然后，利用烟草细胞培养进一步分析了病原菌诱导烟草布朗宁过程中的自由基。用随机转座法获得的一个无致病性的布朗宁诱导缺陷突变体作为对照。从ESR吸收和化学发光的分析，我们可以表明，自由基参与的早期事件的植物病原体的感染。这些数据表明，通过单细胞选择和疾病管理的植物育种可以通过干扰自由基的形成和破坏的平衡来完成。