Role of various inorganic components and enzymes in the formation of humic substances

各种无机成分和酶在腐殖质形成中的作用

• 批准号: 63560066
• 负责人: SHINDO Haruo
• 金额: $ 1.15万
• 依托单位: Yamaguchi University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1988 至 1989
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-63560066/
• 关键词: Formation of humic substances; Oxide; Primary mineral; Clay mineral; Enzyme; Catalytic effect; Soil environment; Radical reaction

Role of various inorganic components and enzymes in the formation of humic substances was investigated.The promotina effect of Mn oxide on the formation of artificial humic substances was much higher than that of Fe, Al, and Si oxides. The accelerating effects of montmorillonite and tephroite were the highest among the respective mineral groups studied. Among all inorganic materials studied, the catalytic power of tephroite and especially Mn oxide was most striking.The oxidative coupling enzymes such as tyrosinase were able to catalyze the synthesis of artificial humic substances. However, the catalytic effect was remarkably influenced by the substrate specificity of enzyme. For example, the tyrosinase promoted the synthesis of humic substances from o-phenolic compounds to a larger extent compared with the other phenolics.The formation of humic substances was proceeded through radical reactions, and the humic substances with a high degree of humification mainly consisted of stacked fractions of two and three layers.The physicochemical and spectroscopic properties of artificial humic substances were similar to those of natural humic substances.From the results obtained, it is tentatively concluded that various inorganic components and enzymes play an important role in the formation of humic substances.

研究了各种无机组分和酶在腐殖物质形成中的作用，Mn氧化物对人工腐殖物质形成的促进作用远大于Fe、Al和Si氧化物。蒙脱石和黑铜矿的加速作用是最高的各自的矿物组研究。在所研究的无机材料中，以黑铜矿尤其是氧化锰的催化能力最为突出，氧化偶联酶如酪氨酸酶能够催化人工腐殖物质的合成。但酶的底物特异性对催化效果有显著影响。例如，酪氨酸酶较其它酚类化合物更大程度地促进邻酚类化合物合成腐殖物质，腐殖物质的形成是通过自由基反应进行的，腐殖化程度高的腐殖物质主要由两层和三层堆积的组分组成，人工腐殖物质的理化性质和光谱性质与天然腐殖物质相似从所获得的结果中，初步得出结论，各种无机组分和酶在腐殖物质的形成中起着重要作用。

项目成果

Shindo, H.: "Changes in the humus composition of soil by heating" Jpn. J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 61, 85-87 (1990).

Shindo, H.：“加热引起的土壤腐殖质成分的变化”Jpn。

Haruo Shindo: "Possible mechanisms for the formation of humic acids in ando soils" International society of Soil Science,14th International congress of Soil Science. (1990)

Haruo Shindo：“安藤土壤中腐植酸形成的可能机制”国际土壤科学学会，第14届国际土壤科学大会。

Haruo Shido: "Catalytic effect of volcanic ash on the formation of humic polymers in ando soils" International humic substances society,5th International conference. (1990)

Haruo Shido：“火山灰对安藤土壤中腐殖聚合物形成的催化作用”国际腐殖质学会，第五届国际会议。

Shindo, H.: "Nitrogen composition of the plow layers of paddy soils in Yamaguchi Prefecture" Bull. Fac. Agric. Yamaguchi Univ., 37, 61-67 (1989).

Shindo, H.：“山口县稻田耕层的氮成分”公牛。

進藤晴夫: "山口県下における水田作土の窒素組成" 山口大学農学部学術報告. 37. 61-67 (1989)

Haruo Shindo：“山口县稻田土壤的氮成分”学术报告，山口大学农学部37. 61-67（1989）。