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Induction of Genetic Variants for Soybean Seed Storage Proteins by Mutagenesis

通过诱变诱导大豆种子储存蛋白的遗传变体

基本信息

批准号：
01560001
负责人：
KAIZUMA Norihiko
金额：
$ 1.66万
依托单位：
Iwate University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1989
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1989 至 1991
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Nutritional improvement of soybean seed storage proteins can be realized by increase of sulfur-containing amino acid contents in the proteins. For that purpose it is the most efficient to decrease 7S globulin, one of the two major constituents of the proteins. Therefore, we performed induction experiments of a specific mutant gene(s)which lacked alpha and/or beta subunits proteins from 7S globulin by gamma-ray irradiation to dry seeds of soybean cultivar.As a result, we succeeded in finding out a mutant gene which lacked both of the alpha and beta subunit proteins through SDS-PAGE analyses to the M4 seed progenies of 40-KR gamma-ray irradiated " WASESUZUNARI ". We confirmed that(1)the homozygous genotypes of the mutant gene were killed by chlorosis in seedling stage, (2)the heterozygous genotypes were viable and set seeds normally, and(3)the segregation ratio of the normal : intermediate for the alpha and beta subunit proteins in quantity : the lacking for both of the subunits was 3 : 4 : 1.Moreover, we found out another mutant gene which lacked so-called " group 1 " subunits of 11S globulin(acidic subunits of Al, A2, A3)in the same gamma-ray irradiated progenies. This mutant gene worked as a recessive in one locus. The segregation ratio was 1 normal : 2 intermediate : 1 lacking. The homozygous genotypes(Al, A2, and A3 lacking)showed no abnormality in plant growth and set seeds normally.

大豆种子贮藏蛋白的营养改良可以通过提高蛋白质中的含硫氨基酸含量来实现。为此，最有效的方法是减少 7S 球蛋白（蛋白质的两个主要成分之一）。因此，我们通过γ射线照射大豆品种的干燥种子进行了缺乏7S球蛋白α和/或β亚基蛋白的特定突变基因的诱导实验。结果，我们通过对40-KR的M4种子后代进行SDS-PAGE分析，成功地找到了缺乏α和/或β亚基蛋白的突变基因。伽马射线照射“WASESUZUNARI”。我们证实：(1)突变基因的纯合基因型在苗期被失绿杀死，(2)杂合基因型能够存活并正常结籽，(3)α和β亚基蛋白数量上的正常:中间:两个亚基的分离比例为3:4:1。此外，我们发现了另一个在相同的伽马射线照射的后代中，突变基因缺乏所谓的11S球蛋白“组1”亚基（A1、A2、A3的酸性亚基）。该突变基因在一个基因座中作为隐性基因起作用。偏析比例为1正常：2中间：1缺乏。纯合基因型(A1、A2、A3缺失)植株生长无异常，结籽正常。