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Distribution and Acid Injury of Non-allophanic Andisols.

非脲基安迪索的分布和酸损伤。

基本信息

批准号：
01560068
负责人：
SAIGUSA Masahiko
金额：
$ 1.34万
依托单位：
Tohoku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1989
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1989 至 1990
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-01560068/
关键词：
Non-allophanic Andisol Andisol Soil Acidity Allophane Acid Injury Aluminum Toxicity Subsoil Acidity Exchange Acidity 土壌溶液テンションライシメ-タ-

项目摘要

Non-allophanic Andisol admitted as one of the subgroup in International Andisol classification ( ICOMAND ), has strong soil acidity and is thought to be a problem soil. Therefore, both distribution and acid injury of non-allophanic Andisol were examined in this study.1) Andisol was divided into allphanic and non-allophanic Andisols by the constituent of amorphous material and was studied their chemical, physical and mineralogical properties. Both Andisols showed some common unique properties such as high amount of active Al, high accumulation of humus, low bulk density etc. Non-allopghnic Andisol showed, however, very strong soil acidity, while allphanic Andisol showed weak one.2) The acid injury of non-allophanic Andisol was clarified to be Al3+ toxicity and the degree of Al3+ saturation, the amount of exchange Al3+ and exchange acidity y1 were more useful measure of A1 toxicity in the acid Andisols compared to the amount of soil solution Al3+. Among these measurement, the y1 is most simple and practical method and 6 of y1 is worth to 2me of KCl-Al3+ which is diagnostic value differentiating alic subgroup of ICOMAND.3) Both barley and sorghum grown in non-allophanic Andisol showed symptoms of Al-toxicity and the growth of these plants was much inferior to those in allophanic Andisol. This is attributed to insufficient uptake of nitrogen due to poor rooting in the acid subsoils of non-allophanic Andisol.4) The distribution map of allophanic and non-allophanic Andisols in Tohoku district was completed. According to this map, nonallophanic Andisol was located in high rainfall region, whereas allophanic Andisols was seen in relatively low rainfall region and/or regions abundant in mafic glass or pumis.

非脲基化土壤被国际土壤分类（ICOMAND）列为亚类，土壤酸性强，被认为是一种问题土壤。因此，本研究对非脲基型安地索的分布和酸伤害进行了研究。1）根据安地索的非晶形物质组成，将其分为脲基型和非脲基型安地索，并对其化学、物理和矿物学性质进行了研究。两种土壤都具有活性铝含量高、腐殖质积累量大、容重小等特点，但非脲基化土壤酸性强，而脲基化土壤酸性弱。2）非脲基化土壤的酸害主要表现为Al ~（3+）毒害和Al ~（3+）饱和度。与土壤溶液中Al ~（3+）的含量相比，交换Al ~（3+）量和交换酸度y_1更能反映酸性红壤中Al ~（3+）的毒性。3）在非脲基化土壤中生长的大麦和高粱均表现出铝毒症状，且生长状况明显不如脲基化土壤。这是由于在非脲基化土壤的酸性底土中生根不良，导致氮素吸收不足所致。4）完成了东北地区脲基化和非脲基化土壤的分布图。根据这张图，非脲基化的安地索尔位于高降雨区，而脲基化的安地索尔被认为是在相对低降雨区和/或丰富的镁铁质玻璃或浮石的地区。