Field studies on the chronological social structure of New World monkeys and the dynamics of neotropical as their habitats

我们在哥伦比亚的拉马卡雷纳进行了为期三年（1990-1992）的实地研究：（1）共域生活的七种新大陆猴的按时间顺序的社会结构;（2）作为其栖息地的新热带森林的结构和动态。获得了以下结果。在社会结构方面，1。无尾卷尾猴（Cebusapella）是一个多雄多雌的群体，成员转移主要发生在雄性之间。群体的分化是在亲属关系的基础上发生的.吼猴（Alouatta seniculus）基本上生活在一个男性群体，成员转移只发生在男性。当组内的雄性个体发生变化时，杀婴.毛猴（Lagothrix lagotricha）和蜘蛛猴（Ateles belzebuth）生活在一个多雄多雌的群体中，具有父系社会，即成员转移主要发生在雌性身上.松鼠猴（Saimiri sciureus）为多雄多雌的群体，但在日常生活中雌雄分开生活. Titis（Callicebusmoloch）和Aotustrivirgatus（Aotustrivirgatus）生活在一个家庭群体中，但它们的栖息地和日常活动完全隔离。新热带森林维管植物6. 323种。在研究区域内及周围收集了1，800个标本。7.从区域和林分尺度两个角度进行了植被测绘。研究了一个扩张型曲流弯曲段的植被演替，以及微尺度地貌和土壤理化性质的变化.研究了菊科先锋灌木全缘叶苔草和柳叶沙蚕在新沉积的河流土壤上的种群动态。从猴和鸟的食性和植物物候学的角度研究了猴和鸟传播种子的协同进化意义。

We carried out field studies for three years (1990-1992) in La Macarena of Colombia (1) on the chronological social structure of sympatrically living, seven New World monkey species and (2) on the architecture and dynamics of the neotropical forest as their habitats. Following results were obtained. As for the social structure,1. capuchins (Cebus apella) lived in a multi-male and multi-female group, and member transfer primarily occurred for males. Division of group occurred on the basis of kinship relation.2. Howler monkeys (Alouatta seniculus) basically lived in a one-male group, and member transfer occurred only for males. Infanticide when alphe-male of the group changed.3. woolly monkeys (Lagothrix lagotricha) and spider monkeys (Ateles belzebuth) lived in a multi-male and multi-female group, and had patrilineal societies, that is, member transfer primarily occurred for females.4. squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) lived in a multi-male and multi-female group, but males and females lived separately in their daily life.5. Titis (Callicebus moloch) and night monkeys (Aotus trivirgatus) lived in a family group (pair-group), but they segregated their habitats and daily activities completely. As for the neotropical forest,6.323 vascular plant species were identified among ca. 1,800 specimens collected in and around the study area.7. Vegetation mapping were carried out both from regional and stand-scale points of view.8. Vegetation succession at an expending meander bend was surveyed together with changes of micro-scale landform and physicochemical soil characteristics.9. Population dynamics of Tessaria integrifolia and Baccharis salicifolia, pioneer shrubs of Asteraceae, were analyzed on newly deposited riverine soils.10. co-evolutional significance of seed dispersal by monkeys and birds were studied in relation to their food habits and phenology of plant species.