Adaptive Significance of Platyrrhine Patrilocal Structure

1. 新世界猴父系社会结构的研究1)采用个体鉴定和习惯化的方法，对已证实存在父系社会的毛猴（Lagothrix lagotricha）和蜘蛛猴（Aleles belzebuth）的社会结构进行了年代学研究。2)收集了一个习惯长毛猴群体和一个习惯蜘蛛猴群体在休息树木和进食树木时所有个体之间的社会关系的详细数据。3)我们观察了几例毛猴和蜘蛛猴年轻雌猴从出生群迁出并迁入群体的过程。4)对已证实具有母系社会的吼猴（Alouatta seniculus）和卷尾猴（Cebus apella）与具有父系社会的毛猴和蜘蛛猴进行了社会结构的年代学比较。5)我们观察了几例吼猴和卷尾猴的年轻雄性是如何从出生群体迁移到出生群体的。6)采集并鉴定了毛猴和蜘蛛猴的全部食用植物。具有三期社会的猴子栖息地的研究。1)研究了猕猴游牧和食物斑块的微观地貌、植物分布和森林结构。2)通过树木普查定量了解森林结构的变化。3)研究了洪水干扰与先锋植物全叶刺蒿（Tessaria integrifolis）种群结构的关系。4)我们观察了一丛绿茎的根状茎发育的后期。5)研究了翠绿法鲁斯（Pharus virescens）的种子散布器。6)比较研究了毛猴、蜘蛛猴和大腹猴种子的传播模式。7)研究了蜘蛛猴主要食物棕榈属（Jessenia polycarpa、socartia exorrhiza、Iriartea deltoides、Euterpe precatoria）的物候特征。少

1. Studies on the patrilocal social structure among New World Monkeys1) We carried out the chronological social structure of woolly monkeys (Lagothrix lagotricha) and spider monkeys (Aleles belzebuth) who had been confirmed to have patrilineal societies, by methods of individual identification and habituation.2) We collected detailed data on the social relationships among all individuals of one habituated woolly monkey group and one habituated spider monkey group at resting trees and feeding trees.3) We observed several cases of how young females of woolly monkeys and spider monkeys emigrated from natal group and immigrated the group.4) We carried out the chronological social structure of howler monkeys (Alouatta seniculus) and capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) who had been confirmed to have matrilineal societies in comparison with woolly monkeys and spider monkeys who have patrilineal societies.5) We observed several cases of how young males of howler monkeys and capuchin monkeys emigra … More ted from natal group and immigrated the group.6) We collected and identified all of food plants of woolly monkeys and spider monkeys.2. Studies on the habitats of monkeys who have ptrilineal societies.1) We investigated the micro-landform, plant distribution and forest structure in relation to monkeys nomadism and food patches.2) We quantitatively understood the change of forest structure by tree census.3) We investigated the relation between flood disturbance and the population structure of a pionieer plant, Tessaria integrifolis.4) We observed the late stage of rhizome development in a clump of Pharus virescens.5) We investigated seed dispersers of Pharus virescens.6) We comparatively investigated the mode of seed dispersion among woolly monkeys, spider monkeys and Curassows (Crax salvini : one kind of terestial largebind).7) We studied the phenology of some species of Palmae (Jessenia polycarpa, Socratea exorrhiza, Iriartea deltoides, Euterpe precatoria), fruit of which were main foods of spider monkeys. Less