权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Comparative Study on the Ecology and Social Structure of New World Monkeys

新世界猴生态和社会结构的比较研究

基本信息

批准号：
63041018
负责人：
IZAWA Kosei
金额：
$ 7.68万
依托单位：
Miyagi University of Education
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Overseas Scientific Survey.
财政年份：
1988
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1988 至 1989
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-63041018/
关键词：
New World monkeys Capuchins Howler monkeys Woolly monkeys Social structure Habitat utilization Vegetation structure Soil eating

项目摘要

Following results were obtained from the ecological and sociological studies of seven species of New World monkeys living in La Macarena region, Colombia. 1. As for the social structure, capuchins (Cebus apella) live in a multimale and multifemale group and member transfer occurs primarily for males. Rank order among males depends on the age and that of females depends on the affinitive relations towards males. 2. Howler monkeys (Alouatta seniculus) live in a one-male group and member transfer occurs only for males. Infanticide occurs when alpha-male of the group changes. 3. Woolly monkeys (Lagothrix lagotricha) live in a multimale and multifemale group and member transfer occurs primarily for females, especially young nuliparous ones. Copulation has no seasonality and the mounting is of single type lasting for 2-24 minutes (av. 8 min.) 4. The difference of habitat utilization of five species of cebid monkeys was confirmed. That is, capuchins and squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) occupy the lower strata of forest in lower parts of slope to lowlands, whereas howler monkeys, woolly monkeys and spider monkeys (Ateles belzebuth) use mainly the upper strata of forest and upper parts of slope to rising highlands. 5. Physiognomy of vegetation and landforms were measured along two trails in the study area, most of which consisted of undulating hilly land. Five vegetation types were distinguished, and the existence of each type was closely related to particular disturbances in each of the landforms; i.e., channel changes of meandering river, floods, erosions, landslides and tree-falls. 6. Red howler monkeys eat particular soils selectively. Soils eaten by monkeys had higher pH(H_2O) values (4.45.4) and higher concentration of some minerals, namely, N, P, Ca, K, Na and Cl, than forest floor soils not eaten.

以下结果是对生活在哥伦比亚拉马卡雷纳地区的七种新世界猴进行的生态和社会学研究获得的。 1.从社会结构来看，卷尾猴（Cebus apella）生活在多雄多雌群体中，成员转移主要以雄性为主。男性的排名顺序取决于年龄，女性的排名取决于与男性的亲和关系。 2. 吼猴（Alouatta seniculus）生活在只有雄性的群体中，成员转移只发生在雄性身上。当群体中的雄性领袖发生变化时，就会发生杀婴行为。 3. 绒毛猴（Lagothrix lagotricha）生活在多雄性和多雌性群体中，成员转移主要发生在雌性，尤其是幼年的初生猴中。交配无季节性，上座为单一类型，持续2-24分钟（平均8分钟）。 4.证实了5种塞比德猴栖息地利用的差异。也就是说，卷尾猴和松鼠猴（Saimiri sciureus）占据低地斜坡下部的森林下层，而吼猴、绒毛猴和蜘蛛猴（Ateles belzebuth）则主要占据森林上层和斜坡上部至高地。 5. 研究区沿两条步道进行了植被和地貌面貌测量，其中大部分为起伏的丘陵地貌。区分了五种植被类型，每种类型的存在都与每种地貌的特定干扰密切相关；即蜿蜒河流的河道变化、洪水、侵蚀、山体滑坡和树木倒塌。 6. 红吼猴选择性地吃特定的土壤。与未食用的森林地面土壤相比，被猴子食用的土壤具有更高的 pH(H_2O) 值 (4.45.4) 和更高的某些矿物质浓度，即 N、P、Ca、K、Na 和 Cl。