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Adaptive significance of fission-fusion society in Ateles

阿特莱斯中裂变聚变社会的适应性意义

基本信息

批准号：
09041144
负责人：
IZAWA Kosei
金额：
$ 14.59万
依托单位：
MIYAGI UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A).
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

We made a three-years studies of wild spider monkeys (Ateles belzebuth) in the rain forest at Macarena, Colombia. It is known that the group of spider monkeys in patrilineal and the members move in smaller and temporal aggregations called parties which repeat fission and fusion. We could succeed to know this unique grouping pattern of spider monkeys much clearer than before by employing an epoch-making method: simultaneous observation of plural groups and parties in a group by plural observers after complete identification of the group members. At the same time, adaptive significance of the grouping was made clearer in relation with forest environment from the studies of foodmenu and consumption, plant phenology of Ficus and Oenocarpus, which are among the most important foods, seed dispersal, and other plant ecological studies.The following are the most important results obtained from this study. 1. Relation between seasonal change of fruits production and grouping pattern. 2. Significance of difference in utilized area in a group home range between males and females. 3. Patroll behavior of males and the peculiar affinitivenes among them around the frontier of the group range. 4. Frequency and function of long calls in relation with grouping pattern. 5. Agonistic interaction between groups. 6. Relation between female transfer and sexual maturity or reproduction in the patrilineal society. 7. Seasonality of "salado" usage and peculiar grouping at "salado". 8. "merits and demerits" in seed dispersal of Ficus and Oenocarpus by spider monkeys. 9. Extension of home range in relation with forest formation on the newly-formed sandbank. 10. Reration between forest structure and traveling routes or sleeping sites of the monkeys.

我们对哥伦比亚马卡雷纳热带雨林中的野生蜘蛛猴(Ateles Belzebuth)进行了为期三年的研究。众所周知，蜘蛛猴群体在父系中及其成员在较小的时间内聚集在一起，称为政党，重复分裂和融合。通过采用一种划时代的方法，我们可以成功地比以前更清楚地了解蜘蛛猴的这种独特的分组模式：在完全识别群体成员后，由多个观察者同时观察一个群体中的多个群体和各方。同时，通过对食物、种子传播和其他植物生态学研究中最重要的食物--榕属和油果属植物物候的研究，进一步明确了该类群与森林环境的关系。1.果品产量季节变化与群体格局的关系。2.群体居住区利用面积的性别差异显著。3.雄鼠的巡逻行为及其在群丛边界附近的特殊交配。4.长叫的频率和功能与分组模式的关系。5.群体间的激励性相互作用。6.父系社会中女性迁移与性成熟或生殖的关系。7.“salado”用法的季节性和“salado”的特殊组合。8.蜘蛛猴传播无花果属和油果属种子的“功过”。9.新形成的沙洲上与森林形成有关的家园范围的扩大。10.森林结构与猕猴行进路线或栖息地之间的关系。