权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Comparative ecological genetics on phylogeny of wheat, barley, and their wild relatives in northeastern region of the Mediterranean Sea.

地中海东北部地区小麦、大麦及其野生近缘种系统发育的比较生态遗传学。

基本信息

批准号：
02041037
负责人：
FURUTA Yoshihiko
金额：
$ 3.52万
依托单位：
Gifu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至 1991
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Wheat and barley are very important crops in the world. They originated in the Near and Middle East and were introduced to European and Asian countries for about ten thousand years. On their way to Northern Europe, these crops contributed the establishment of Roman and Greek cultures and differentiated into a number of local or so-called land variety adapted in the respective habitats. The land variety and wild relatives of the crop plants are gerietically or agriculturally very important. Because their crops are available for breeding material and contain some useful evolutionary information recorded in genetic materials. Northeastern region of the Mediteranean countries, especially islands in Italy and Greece and Yugoslavia are and interesting areas with respect to differentiation of wheat and barley, because the islands and Balkan Peninsula are the important routes of wheat and barley to Central Europe and the their habitats are geologically or ecologically variable which provides nice chance of evolution of plants.Recently, the land variety has been disappearing in the world by the modern agricultural system, new modern varieties or various development of land. The plant materials collected by this mission will be well analysed from various view points and maintained by international system.We recorded cultivation and usage and collected many land varieties of wheat, rye, barley and we also collected their wild relative plants in southern part of Italy (892 samples of 18 plant families), southern Greece (682 samples) and Yugoslavia (637 samples of 10 families) under cooperation research work with researchers of Plant Germ Plasm Institute of Italy and University of Novi Sado, Yugoslavia. Some old culti-variety were collected in several populations. Interspecific hybrid swarms between cultivated durum wheat and wild weed grass in Sicilia Island. We island-specific differentiation in Aegilops biuncialis in two islands of Greece.

小麦和大麦是世界上非常重要的农作物。它们起源于近东和中东，并被引入欧洲和亚洲国家约一万年。在它们到达北方欧洲的途中，这些作物为罗马和希腊文化的建立做出了贡献，并分化成许多适应各自栖息地的当地或所谓的土地品种。农作物的陆地品种和野生近缘种在遗传学或农业上是非常重要的。因为他们的作物是可供育种的材料，并含有一些有用的进化信息记录在遗传材料中。地中海国家的东北部地区，特别是意大利、希腊和南斯拉夫的岛屿是小麦和大麦分化的有趣地区，因为这些岛屿和巴尔干半岛的半岛是小麦和大麦向中欧的重要路线，并且它们的生境在地质或生态上是可变的，这为植物的进化提供了很好的机会。现代农业制度、新的现代品种或土地的各种开发，使土地品种在世界范围内逐渐消失。这次使命收集的植物材料将从不同的角度进行分析，并由国际系统进行维护。我们记录了种植和使用情况，并收集了许多小麦、黑麦、大麦的土地品种，我们还收集了意大利南部的野生近缘植物（18个植物科的892个样本），希腊南部（682个样本）和南斯拉夫在与意大利植物种质研究所和诺维佐渡大学的研究人员合作研究工作中，南斯拉夫.在几个居群中收集了一些古老的栽培品种。西西利亚岛栽培硬粒小麦与野生杂草种间杂种群。我们在希腊的两个岛屿的双钩山羊草的岛屿特异性分化。