Anthropological Study of African Tropical Rainforest

对扎伊尔和刚果北部热带雨林的狩猎采集者、渔民和刀耕火种农人进行了生态人类学、民族科学和资源利用的比较研究。本研究的目的是了解热带雨林作为人类栖息地的多样性潜力，并获得可持续利用热带雨林所需的基本数据。1991年，对伊图里森林讲莱斯语的姆布蒂俾格米人的传统知识和对野生动植物的利用进行了实地研究。收集了200多种动物的民族动物学信息，以及它们的狩猎和采集压力的数据。新采集植物标本150余件，民族植物学资料300余件。这些民族植物学和民族动物学数据按照一种共同格式进行整理，并在现有的非洲动植物用途数据库（植物区系和动物区系数据库）中进行汇编。在扎伊尔的Lualaba河对热带雨林中的渔民和耕种者进行了另一项研究，并调查了他们交流关系的生态和文化影响。在刚果北部，在1990年和1991年对巴卡和阿卡俾格米狩猎采集者和蒙东戈耕种者的分布和生态进行了初步调查之后，1992年对乌班吉河支流莫塔巴河上游和中游的狩猎和采集、捕鱼和轮作耕作活动进行了深入研究。收集了这些民族的民族植物学和民族动物学数据，以及狩猎、采集、捕鱼和刀耕火种农业的基本生态数据。在刚果，采集了约400个植物标本，并将民族植物学数据编入了AFlora数据库。

A Comparative study of ecological anthropology, ethnoscience and resource utilization was conducted on the hunter-gatherers, fishers and slash-and-burn agriculturalists in the tropical rain forests of Zaire and northern Congo. The purpose of this study is to understand the diverse potential of tropical rain forest as a human habitat and to obtain the basic data necessary for its sustainable use.In 1991, field research was carried out on the traditional knowledge and use of wild plants and animals of the Lese-speaking Mbuti (Efe) Pygmies in the Ituri Forest. Ethnozoological information on more than 200 animals were collected, as well as the data on the hunting and gathering pressure on them. ln addition, about 150 plant specimens were newly collected along with more than 300 pieces of ethnobotanical information. These ethnobotanical and ethnozoological data are arranged according to a common format and compiled in an already existing database of animal and plant uses in Africa (AFlora and AFauna Database). Another research was conducted in the Lualaba river, Zaire, on the fishermen and cultivators in the tropical rain forest, and the ecological and cultural implications of their exchange relationship were investigated.In northern Congo, after a preliminary survey in 1990 and 1991 on the distribution and ecology of the Baka and Aka Pygmy hunter-gatherers and Mondongo cultivators, intensive studies were carried out in 1992 on hunting and gathering, fishing, and shifting cultivation activities in the lapper and middle streams of Motaba River, a tributary of Ubangi River. The data on the ethnobotany and ethnozoology of those people were collected as well as the basic data on the ecology of hunting, gathering, fishing, and slash-and-burn agriculture.In Congo, about 400 plant specimens were collected, and the ethnobotanical data were also compiled in the AFlora database.