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Studies on the Cultivation and processing of Tropical Fruits in Thailand

泰国热带水果栽培及加工研究

基本信息

批准号：
02045026
负责人：
MANABE Masatoshi
金额：
$ 3.46万
依托单位：
Kagawa University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至 1992
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The present project research was undertaken to survey on cultivation,prevention of injurious insects,transportation and processing of some important tropical fruits in Thailand for three years from 1990 to 1992.Generally, there found a considerable difference in both appearance and inner quality of fruits among the orchards, because of the technological gaps in cultural practices.As the major problems in citrus cultivation around Bangkok,instability of flower initiation and fruit set, and occurrence of root rot diseases were observed. In mountain district around Chiang Mai, although some low chilling varieties of temperate fruit crops have been introduced from abroad, their quality should be improved to increase export and domestic consumption in future. Strawberry is also one of promising crops for export in this area, but the American variety, which have been grown dominantly, has poor fruit quality. The selection and breeding of cultivars for quality will be needed.The survey to asc … More ertain the composer, their occurrence, activity as major pest insects on the fruit of litchi, longan, strawberry in Northern Thailand and on durian, mangosteen in Eastern Thailand were carried.No species of fruit fly was determined as the pest insect on mangosteen. Some species of insects which belong to cossidae (carpenter moths), gracillaridae (leafblotch miners) and pentatomidae(stink bugs) were recognized as the major pest insects on longan and litchi.It was found that two species of the genus Helopeltis (mosquito bugs) have becoming the serious pest insects on the cashew nut and the study on pest species affecting fruit set will be important in furure. To make high quality of canning, juice and frozen products of tropical fruits, an specialized, especially in small scale factory. Generally, uniformalization of maturity and size fruit, elimination of fruit injured by insect or bruised during transportation are important to get high quality products.Canned pineapple fruit and apple juice were found to suit the tasete of Japanese as result of organoleptic evaluation. Less

1990~1992年，对泰国几种重要热带水果的栽培、害虫防治、运输和加工进行了为期3年的调查研究。结果表明，由于栽培实践中的技术差距，不同果园的果实外观和内在品质存在较大差异；曼谷周边地区柑橘栽培存在开花座果不稳定、根腐病发生等主要问题。在清迈周边山区，虽然从国外引进了一些低寒温带果树品种，但应提高其品质，以增加未来的出口和国内消费。草莓也是这一地区很有前景的出口作物之一，但美国草莓品种以种植为主，果实品质较差。需要进行优质品种的选育。ASC…调查对泰国北部荔枝、龙眼、草莓果实和泰国东部榴莲、山竹果实的主要害虫种类、发生情况、活性进行了研究，未发现果蝇为山竹上的主要害虫。龙眼和荔枝上的主要害虫有木蛾科(Cussidae)、叶斑潜蝇科(Gracillaridae)和五角虫科(Methaomidae)。研究发现，两种蚊虫(Helopeltis)已成为危害腰果的重要害虫，对影响坐果的害虫种类的研究具有重要意义。为了制作高品质的热带水果罐头、果汁和冷冻产品，是一家专业的工厂，尤其是小型工厂。一般来说，水果的成熟度和大小均匀，去除运输过程中被虫害或擦伤的水果是获得高质量产品的重要因素。通过感官评定，罐头菠萝果和苹果汁适合日本人的口味。较少