Integrative analysis of physiological adaption to environmental stress.

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The aim of this Cooperative research was to analyze the adaptive mechanism of living organism to environmental stresses from different aspects, and to obtain the integrative view of physiological adaptation. As the regulatory responses, the adaptive mechanisms were studied from body temperature regulation, circulatory adjustments, body fluid regulation, and metabolism using from single cell to whole body and behavior. As the controlling factors, involvements of nervous system, endocrine system and the relationship with immune system were also covered.Themes studied include the relationship between total peripheral resistance and central venous pressure, regulation of skin blood flow during local heating, the relationship between skin blood flow and sympathetic nervous activity, fever and the regional response of sympathetic nervous activity, the effect of gangliocides on the thermogenesis of brown adipose tissue, the effects of peptides and cytokines on the regulation of body fluid and circulatory functions, the effects of LPS, IL-1 and heat stress on the activity of macrophage, the role of catecholamine in CNS on circadian rhythm, the role of limbic system on space recognition, and the morphological changes of nerve cell due to ECF changes.Scientific meetings were held twice during the research period, and based on the presentations of these research works, lively discussions were made on the integrative view of these adaptive responses to environmental stress, interactions of these responses, the hierarchic structure of adaptive functions, and the control mechanism of these adaptive changes.The discussion was very stimulating to each member of the group, and will have feedback effects on their work and also to the environmental physiologists through their published works.