Comprehensive Study on Historical Development and Policies of Upper Secondary Education from Comparative Perspective

最近，高中教育和高等教育迅速普及，高等教育机构更加多样化。日本高中教育的单一性和僵化性受到了相当多的批评，人们期望学校更加多样化和灵活。本研究项目旨在从比较的角度调查各国高中教育的现状，并期望为日本的高中教育制度改革做出贡献。在最初的两年里，为了了解每个国家高中教育的制度、哲学、历史和现状，我们收集了材料并进行了分析，这导致了我们在第三年的最终报告。我们选择了中国、韩国、泰国、马来西亚、印度尼西亚和印度等亚洲国家，以及英国、美国，法国，德国，前苏联，拉丁美洲和澳大利亚。我们每年有一到两次会员大会，也有针对各地区的单独会议，就每个会员的研究交换意见。在这些研究的基础上，在学术会议和期刊上发表了一些报告。我们还出版了以下材料和参考书目。(1)《高中教育比较研究：参考书目I：日文出版物》，139页，1991年5月（2）《高中教育比较研究：参考书目二》;《外语出版物》，204页，1992年3月（3）《高中教育比较研究：世界主要法律和条例及其他文件》，278页，1992年3月我们的最后报告，《高中教育的历史发展和政策比较研究》（410页），包括30篇文章和材料，于1993年3月出版。

Recently, upper secondary education and higher education have been rapidly popularized and more higher education institutions are diversified. Reflecting the considerable criticism against Japanese upper secondary education for its uniformity and rigidity, schools are expected to be more diversified and flexible.This research project aimed at investigating current situation of upper secondary education in various countries from comparative viewpoint and expects to contribute to the reform of our system in Japan.Major activities of this three-year-project are as follows:1. In the initial two years, in order to understand the system, philosophy, history and current condition of upper secondary education in each country, we collected materials and analyzed them, which led us to the final report in the third year.2. We selected Asian countries such as China, Korea, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and India, as well as major countries like U.K., U.S.A., France, Germany, ex-U.S.S.R., Latin America and Australia.3. We had one or two general meetings every year, and also had separate meetings for respective regions to exchange opinions on studies of each member. Based on these studies, some reports have been presented at academic conferences and on journals. We also published following collection of materials and bibliographies.(1) Comparative Study of Upper Secondary Education: Bibliography I: Publications in Japanese, 139p., May 1991(2) Comparative Study of Upper Secondary Education: Bibliography II; Publications in Foreign Languages, 204p., March 1992(3) Comparative Study of Upper Secondary Education: Major Laws and Ordinances and Other Documents of the World, 278p., March 1992Our final report, A Comparative Study on Historical Development and Policies of Upper Secondary Education (410p.), consisting of thirty articles and materials, was published in March 1993.