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Reformation of lichen thallus from the cultured tissue

从培养的组织中改造地衣菌体

基本信息

批准号：
02804059
负责人：
YOSHIMURA Isao
金额：
$ 0.9万
依托单位：
Kochi Gakuen (Junior) College
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至 1992
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1. In addition to the previous culture stock, lichens were collected from Bonnin Island, Hawaii, Finland, Sweden, and Germany. From these lichen thallus, cultured tissues (ca 150 strains) were induced and have been maintained in several incubators in the laboratory. 2. Lichen thalli were intended to reform from cultured tissues. The condition of the thallus reforming include : poor nutrition (2-3 % water agar medium), moderate temperature (15ﾟC-18ﾟC), and lighting (ca. 2000 lux with a daily cycle). 3. The developmental stages of the thallus formation were investigated in detail in Peltigera praetextata. 4. Among 12 species of Peltigera, 6 species reformed their thallus in vitro. (4) The cyanobacterial morphotype of peltigera aphthosa, which are not common in nature, was obtained under wet conditions, and its chimeroid associations with green algal morphotype were obtained under dry conditions. 5. Same chemical substances were detected in both the natural green algal morphotype of Peltigera aphthosa and its cyanobacterial morphotype in vitro. (6) In the cultured Usnea hirta, the content of usnic acid was increased according to the thallus formation. (7) The mycobiont of Usnea hirta formed the similar thallus of natural parent lichens. (8) Based on our culture works a lichen can be considered as a special ecosystem of a fungus with green algae or cyanobacteria. (9) Cell aggregates of cultured lichens often produce different chemical substances from those of naturally occurred lichens. To investigate chemical substances of cultured lichens, the thallus of naturally occurred lichens were critically studied and found several minor substances, which were not reported previously. (10) Isolated mycobionts were furnished to other cooperative researchers, who have studied lichen physiology (photosynthesis), biochemistry (molecular studies of cytochrome), and applied fields (the effect of tyrosinase inhibition to human skin, ect.).

1.除了以前的培养物储备，地衣收集自Bonnin岛，夏威夷，芬兰，瑞典和德国。从这些地衣叶状体中，诱导培养组织（约150株），并在实验室的几个培养箱中保持。2.地衣菌体是由培养的组织改革而成的。在低营养（2- 3%水琼脂培养基）、中温（15 ℃-18 ℃）和光照（约1000 - 10000 ℃）条件下，菌体形成较好。2000勒克斯，每日循环）。3.本文详细地研究了早纹地被藻（Peltigera praetextata）叶状体形成的发育阶段。4.在12种Peltigera中，有6种在离体条件下形成了叶状体。(4)在潮湿条件下获得了自然界中不常见的盾甲藻的蓝藻形态型，在干燥条件下获得了其与绿色藻类形态型的嵌合体。5.结果表明，在天然绿色藻类形态型和体外培养的蓝藻形态型中均检测到相同的化学物质。(6)在培养的松萝中，松萝酸的含量随着菌体的形成而增加。(7)毛松萝的菌生体形成了与天然地衣相似的叶状体。(8)根据我们的培养工作，地衣可以被认为是真菌与绿色藻类或蓝藻的特殊生态系统。(9)培养地衣的细胞聚集体通常产生与自然发生的地衣不同的化学物质。为了研究人工培养地衣中的化学物质，对天然地衣的叶状体进行了严格的研究，发现了一些以前没有报道过的微量物质。(10)分离的真菌提供给其他合作研究人员，他们研究地衣生理学（光合作用），生物化学（细胞色素的分子研究）和应用领域（酪氨酸酶抑制剂对人类皮肤的影响等）。