A synthetic Research on the Villas in the Vicinity of the Mt. Vesuvius in the ancient Roman Period

过去对别墅的研究是从经济角度出发的。着眼于农业生产、奴隶劳动和地主的经营目的。喜欢最近的研究。然而，包括商业贸易的矿山和橄榄油生产的别墅和海上贸易的特点，这些产品到遥远的地方；根据庞贝郊区墓葬的位置和大小来判断庞贝别墅主人的社会地位；别墅的建筑结构和墙上的壁画的年代分析。我们的研究主要基于文献资料，重点关注意大利大庄园的发展。根据Cato， Varro和Colusella的农业手册，葡萄藤和橄榄油是别墅的主要农产品。虽然一般劳动力由奴隶组成，但在收获季节，自由人也会被雇佣——农业管理的目标显然具有企业家精神。根据对庞贝附近许多别墅遗址的实际调查，我们确定了以下几点：(1)别墅大多是侧面的(2)别墅的大小和其他特征与农学家所写的非常吻合。这项研究的结果已经由古生物研究所发表在Opuscula Pospeiana I上。这项研究的第二个目的是编制一份完整的维拉遗迹目录。由于数据太随意，这部分项目无法完成。我们希望继续我们的研究，以完成这个项目。我们相信，这样的努力将不仅对日本人的进步，而且对庞贝研究的国际进步作出宝贵的贡献。

Past studies of the villa has been economic in perspective. focusing on agricultural production, slave labor and the manegerial aims of the landowner. lore recent studies. however, include the commercial trade of mine and olive oil produced in the villa and the characteristics of maritine trade of those products to distant places ; the social status of the owner ef the villa in Pompei based upon the location and size of their tombs in the outskirts of Pospei ; and the chronological analysis of the architectural construction of the villa and the fresco paintings on their walls.Our study, mainly based upon literary sources, focused on the development of the large estate in Italy. According to the agricultural handbook by Cato, Varro and Colusella, vine and olive oil were the main agricultural products of the villa. Although the general labor force consisted of slaves, during the harvest season free men were employed-The goal of agricultural management was clearly enterpreneurial in spirit. Upon actual investigation of the remains of many villas in the vicinity of Pompei, we established the following : (1) the villas were mostly siddlesized (2) the size and other characteristics of the villas closely matched what was written by the agronomists. The results of this study has been published in the Opuscula Pospeiana I by the Institute for Paleological Studies.The second purpose of this study was to compile a complete catalogue of remains of the viIla. Because the data was so voluninous, this part of the project could not be completed. le hope to continue our study in order to complete this project. le believe that such an effort will be a valuable contribution to the progress of not only the Japanese but also the international study of pompei.