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Economic Analysis of Urban Spatial Structure in Information Society

信息社会城市空间结构的经济分析

基本信息

批准号：
02630001
负责人：
SASAKI Komei
金额：
$ 0.96万
依托单位：
Tohoku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至 1991
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Setting a nonmonocentric model where a firm can locate its two sectors, head-office and routine-function offices at different places, we have analyzed the possible patterns in equibrium of spatial distribution of firms and households, distance between the head-office and routine-function of a firm, wage profile, and land rent structure. The conditions for each pattern to emerge are particularly examined in detail with focusing on the costs for transaction and communication carried out by respective sectors of a firm.As information technology pervades firms, trips for communication made by routine-functinory sector will be substituted by telecommunication methods so that the communication cost per unit distance for that sector is lowered, On the other hand, the face-to-face contacts made by the head-office are not replaced by means of information collected and transmitted there is Cf high grade. The urban configuration in equilibrium varies depending on the communication cost of a firm relative to the other parameters, in particular, the commuting cost. An interesting observation is that, where "informationization" develops most, firms are decentralized in a city but their two functions are located at the some places, whereby the distance of trips for face-to-face contracts at the trading center will be longer than before the introduction of information technology. It is at the middle stage of the pervasion of information technology that that the head-office and routine-function office of a firm are located separately from each other.

本文通过建立一个非单中心模型，分析了企业与家庭的空间分布均衡性、企业总部与日常职能部门之间的距离、工资结构和地租结构等可能的模式。每一种模式出现的条件都被详细地分析，重点是企业各部门的交易成本和通信成本。随着信息技术的普及，电信方式将取代常规功能部门的通信出行，从而降低该部门单位距离的通信成本。总部面对面的联系没有被信息收集和传递的方式所取代，这是高等级的。均衡状态下的城市形态取决于企业相对于其他参数的通信成本，特别是通勤成本。一个有趣的现象是，在“信息化”发展最快的地方，企业分散在城市中，但它们的两个功能位于某些地方，因此在交易中心进行面对面合同的行程将比信息技术引入之前更长。企业的总部与日常职能部门的分离是信息技术普及的中期阶段。