Reactions of Halides and (Pseudo)Halidometallates of V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni in liquid, anhydrous Ammonia

虽然氢氧化物和氧化物的化学性质可以被认为是深入研究的——有些人甚至认为它已经完成了——但即使在今天，“铵系”仍然存在空白。这在过渡金属的情况下尤其明显，涉及到同性和异性胺、胺和亚胺配合物以及这些金属化合物的氨化物。我们用“氨化”一词来类比“水合”。“氨酸盐”一词用于描述含有结合较弱的“晶体氨分子”的化合物，即不作为中心原子的配体。较高的氨化物通常在室温下不稳定，因此过去很少对其进行更详细的研究。某些元素的单核胺配合物，如铬、钴、铂等，往往相当稳定，因此自然受到特别深入的研究。他们创立并形成了配位化学“维尔纳配合物”。我们在这个项目中不考虑主族金属和有机金属化合物，也不打算在这里处理4d和5d金属。在这一点上，我们同样排除了Sc、Ti、Cu和Zn的化合物。铜将在“氨中的硬币和铂金属”的一个单独项目中进行研究，锌已经在其他正在进行的项目中处理，Sc和Ti我们想在其他地方处理。同样，三维金属的二元和三元氮化物，虽然已经研究得很好，但不是我们实验的目标。由于以下原因，我们也不考虑叠氮化物、硝酸盐、氢氧化物、水合物或水合物。我们想研究三维金属V、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co和Ni的（伪）二元和（伪）三元卤化物和伪卤化物，以及它们的金属配合物如何在大约-78°C至+70°C的温度范围内，在自生NH3压力下，在氨酸、中性和碱性范围内，以及在外源离子存在的情况下，与无水氨（无水NH3， aNH3）反应，以及哪些产物，单核和多核同异胺，酰胺，形成咪咪和（伪）卤化物配合物及其氨化物。

While the chemistry of the hydroxides and the oxides can be considered intensively researched - some even call it completed - there are still gaps in the "ammonium system" even today. This is particularly noticeable in the case of the transition metals, with regard to homo- and heteroleptic ammine, amido and imido complexes as well as ammoniates of these metal compounds. We use the term "ammoniate" analogously to "hydrate". The term ammoniate is used to describe compounds that contain more weakly bound "crystal ammonia molecules", i.e. that do not act as ligands of a central atom. Higher ammoniates are generally not stable at room temperature, so they have rarely been studied in more detail in the past. Mononuclear ammine complexes of certain elements, such as those of Cr, Co, Pt, etc., are often quite stable and have therefore naturally been studied particularly intensively. They founded and shaped coordination chemistry as "Werner complexes". We do not consider main group metal or organometallic compounds in this project, nor do we want to deal with the 4d and 5d metals here. We likewise exclude at this point the compounds of Sc, Ti, Cu, and Zn. Copper is to be studied in a separate project of "Coin and Platinum Metals in Ammonia", zinc is already dealt with in other ongoing projects, Sc and Ti we want to deal with elsewhere. Similarly, the binary and ternary nitrides of the 3d metals, which are already quite well studied, are not the target of our experiments. For reasons stated below, we also do not consider azides, nitrates, hydroxides, aquocomplexes, or hydrates. We want to investigate how the (pseudo)binary and (pseudo)ternary halides and pseudohalides of the 3d metals V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co and Ni, respectively their metallate complexes, react with and in anhydrous ammonia (anhydrous NH3, aNH3) in the temperature range from circa -78 °C to +70 °C under autogenous NH3 pressure, in the ammonoacidic, -neutral and -basic range and optionally in the presence of foreign ions, and which products, mononuclear and polynuclear homo- and heteroleptic amine, amido, imido and (pseudo)halide complexes and their ammoniaates, are formed.