Evaluation on the paddy dwelling chironomids in view of IPM

1)世界稻田摇蚊记录迄今为止，世界稻田摇蚊共记录到摇蚊科3亚科49属158种。2）摇蚊的发育幼虫龄期、幼虫发育、有效积温、发育历期、成虫羽化节律、成虫寿命、卵数、产卵量、产卵研究了大山长跗小蠹和德永树须小蠹的性比，获得了有关数据。稻田摇蚊种群密度采用羽化诱捕器系统采样法，对稻田摇蚊成虫种群进行了调查。据估计，在3个月内，一个稻田（691 m^2）中有414万只。每平方米约6000个。同一稻田65 d内的幼虫密度估计为413万头，从取样方法等原因来看，估计值偏低。4）幼虫的抗旱性通过饲养试验，测定了不同含水量基质下德永拟谷盗末龄幼虫的抗旱性。5）摇蚊幼虫的捕食性昆虫蜻蜓目16种（6种），半翅目异翅亚目（4种）和鞘翅目（6种）对其中13种摇蚊幼虫的食性进行了观察，摇蚊幼虫作为食物。

1) Chironomid species recorded from paddy fields in the worldA total of 158 species belonging to 3 subfamilies and 49 genera of the Chironomidae were recorded from the world paddy fields up to present. The insect group is the most diverse and dominant in the paddy field ecosystem.2)Development of chironomidsLarval instars, larval development, total effective temperature, developmental period, emergence rhythm of adults, adult longevity, number of ovarian eggs, sex ratio of Tanytarsus oyamai Sasa and Glyptotendipes tokunagai Sasa were studied and the data concerned were obtained.3)Population density in paddy fieldsAdult chironomid populations occurring in paddy fields were estimated by systematic samplings using emergence traps. It was estimated as 4.14 million in a paddy (691 m^2) during 3 months. It was about 6, 000/m^2. Larval density in the same paddy was estimated as 4.13 million during 65 days, and it seemed to be under estimated judging from the sampling method and other reasons.4)Drought resistance of larvaeDrought resistance of the last instar larvae of Glyptotendipes tokunagai was tested by rearings under different water content of media. Drying media allowed the larvae alive for 30 - 50 days until the water content decreased to 30%.5)Predeaceous insects of chironomid larvaeA total of 16 species belonging to Odonata (6 species), Hemiptera-Heteroptera (4 species) and Coleoptera (6 species) were observed as aquatic predatory species of chironomid larvae.Thirteen species among them were reared to find their feeding habit especially the number of chironomid larvae eaten for food.