Cytochemical observations of Neuronal Influence on Vasopressin Synthesis and secretion

用免疫组织化学双重染色方法，观察了去甲肾上腺素和脑钠尿肽终末在大鼠下丘脑视上核(SON)和室旁核(PVN)分别向精氨酸加压素产生细胞(AVP细胞)的突触传入。此外，用WGA-HRP顺行追踪与AVP免疫细胞化学相结合的双重标记技术，在电子显微镜水平上发现延髓Al/CL细胞群中神经元的轴突终末与PVN和SON中的AVP细胞发生突触。应用原位杂交和免疫细胞化学方法，我们观察了单侧电解损毁大鼠延髓腹外侧区后叶加压素(AVP)基因表达的神经元对下丘脑加压素(AVP)基因表达的影响。因为铝神经元被认为是去甲肾上腺素能终末的来源，而大细胞神经元主要释放血管加压素。在正常的CON…中大鼠PVN核和SON核团大细胞神经元AVP-mRNA表达水平无明显差异。然而，单侧All损毁可引起正常大鼠和损毁大鼠之间AVP-mRNA的表达。此外，水剥夺刺激不仅使损毁大鼠SON的AVP-mRNA水平显著升高，而且使PVN的AVP-mRNA水平显著升高。在这些实验中，大鼠血浆渗透压和电解质(Na~+、K~+、Ca~(++)和Gt；)无显著差异(p&lt；0.05)。这些结果表明，大鼠PVN和SON中AVP基因的表达受到延髓腹外侧区神经元调控的不同影响，至少部分途径可能通过A1区参与PVN中AVP基因表达的升高。此外，铝损伤不能抑制双侧核团大细胞神经元的缺水反应，提示双侧核团大细胞神经分泌神经元受损，提示AVP基因表达的途径和机制不同。较少

Synaptic inputs of noradrenaline- and brain natriuretic peptide-containing terminals to arginine-vasopressin producing cells(AVP cells)were observed, respectively, in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei(SON, PVN)of the rat hypothalamus using double immunostaining. In addition, axon terminals orginated from the neurons in the Al/Cl cell group in the medulla oblongata have been found to make synapses with AVP cells in the PVN and the SON using a double labeling technique combining WGA-HRP anterograde tracing with AVP immunocytochemistry at electron microscopic level.Using in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry, we ekamined neuronal influence on vasopressin(AVP)-gene expression in rat hypothalamus after unilateral electrolytic lesion of the ventrolateral medulla, containing catecholaminergic neurons forming the Al cell group. Because Al neurons are throught to be the source of noradrenergic terminals upon the magnocellular neurons that release AVP dominantly.In the normal con … More trol rat, there was no difference in AVP-MRNA levels in magnocellular neurons between, the PVN and SON nuclei. However, unilateral Allesion caused AVP-MRNA levels between the normal and the lesioned rats. Furthermore, stimulation of water-deprivation in the lesioned rat increased in AVP-mRNA levels significantly not only in the SON but also in the PVN. I these experiments, there was no significant difference in rat plasma osmolarity and electrolytes(Na^+, K^+, Ca^<++>)(p<0.05).These results indicate that the AVP-gene expression in rat magnocellular neurons in differentially influenced between the PVN and SON by the neuronal regulation through the ventrolateral medulla, and at least in part, some pathways may through Al area to contribute to increase in levels in the PVN. Moreover, it is clarified that Al lesion does not inhibit the response of waterdeprivation in magnocellular neurons in both nuclei, suggesting deprovation in magnocellular neurosecretory neurons in both nuclei, suggesting different pathways and different mechanisms concerning to the AVP-gene expression. Less