TOXICOLOGICAL ANALYSIS FOR ABUSED VOLATILE COMPOUNDS

1)煤油和轻油的测定利用毛细管气相色谱/质谱仪(GC/MS)建立了一种灵敏、快速的分析煤油或轻油蒸气暴露大鼠血液中燃料成分的方法。采用顶空气相法结合盐析技术，可在煤油或轻油蒸气暴露大鼠的血液中清晰地检测到碳数为8~10的脂肪族碳氢化合物和甲苯、二甲苯、3-和4-乙基甲苯及三甲苯等芳香族化合物。轻油作业工人血液中假丙苯/甲苯浓度比煤油作业工人高。甲苯和假异丙苯的检测下限分别为50pg和1 ng，可用于血液中燃料成分的法医学鉴定和血液组织中煤油和轻质油的鉴别。2)摄入稀释剂的死后变化…大鼠口服甲苯、乙酸乙酯、异丁醇按8：1：1比例配制的标准稀释液1ml后，可检测到大鼠体内较多的稀释剂成分。用气相色谱结合顶空分析法进行分析。直到死后48小时，所有大鼠的胃内容物中都检测到了三种稀释剂成分和乙酸乙酯的代谢物乙醇。甲苯在血液、肺、肾、肝、脑和腹肌中的浓度随着时间的推移而增加。另一方面，在整个48小时期间，大腿肌肉没有观察到变化。异丁醇表现出与甲苯相似的增加模式，大脑或大腿肌肉几乎没有变化。乙酸乙酯在整个研究过程中没有在任何组织中检测到，但在胃内容物中发现了乙酸乙酯。结果表明，死亡后摄入的每一种稀释剂成分都会逐渐通过胃壁扩散到周围组织中，只有远离腹膜的肌肉组织和胃内容物才能被正确诊断为稀释剂摄入。较少

1) Determination of kerosene and light oilA sensitive and rapid method to analyze fuel components in blood from rats exposed to kerosene or light oil vapor was developed by making use of capillary gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(GC/MS).The aliphatic hydrocarbons with carbon numbers 8 to 10 and aromatics such as toluene,xylene,3- and 4-ethyltoluene and trimethylbenzenes were clearly detected in blood from rats exposed to kerosene or light oil vapor,using the head space method combined with the salting-out technique. The concentration ratio of pseudocumene to toluene in blood exposed to light oil was higher than that in case of exposure to kerosene. The lower limits of detection were 50 pg and 1 ng in toluene and pseudocumene, respectively.Our suggestion is that this method is useful in forensic investigations to detect fuel components in blood and for the purposes of differentiating kerosene and light oil in blood tissues. 2) Postmortem changes of ingested thinnerPostmortem changes … More of thinner components in body tissues were examined in rats, orally given 1 ml of standard thinner solution, which was prepared by mixing toluene, ethyl acetate and isobutanol in the proportion of 8:1:1. Analysis was made by gas chromatography combined with the head space method. Three thinner components and ethanol, a metabolite of ethyl acetate, were detected in the gastric contents of all rats up until 48 hours after death. An increase in the concentration of toluene was found in the blood,lung,kidney,liver,brain and abdominal muscle with the lapse of time. On the other hand,no changes were observed in the thigh muscle throughout the 48-hour period. Isobutanol showed a similar increasing pattern to toluene,with little or no changes in the brain or in the thigh muscle. Ethyl acetate was not detected in any tissues throughout the study but it was found in the gastric contents.The results indicate that every thinner component ingested,gradually diffuses into the surrounding tissues through the stomach wall after death,and that only muscle tissue remote from the abdominal cavity,together with the gastric contents,should be analyzed for a correct diagnosis of thinner ingestion. Less