Forensic Analysis of Fuel Components in Body Materials

建立了一种可靠的分析生物材料中微量燃料组分的方法，该方法同时使用了顶空和溶剂萃取法。采用气相色谱/质谱仪(GC/MS)对汽油蒸气中的碳数为5~8的脂肪族碳氢化合物和苯、甲苯、二甲苯等芳香族化合物进行了定性和定量检测。在煤油蒸气作用下，用溶剂萃取法测定了碳数大于9的脂肪烃和碳数为9的芳烃，包括异丙苯、均三甲苯、偏异丙苯和1，2，3-三甲苯。这两种方法都被发现适用于确定人类死亡的原因。由于大多数商业可获得的暴露设备在小型实验室使用并不经济，我们设计了一种产生燃料蒸汽的设备，现在可以使用常用工具进行常规实验。被测试的溶剂汽油通过升温蒸发，并被引入一系列室内，在这些室内，浓度可以被调节和稳定。汽化汽油浓度是在稳定条件下至少60分钟定量测定的。在动物实验的情况下，观察到汽油的蒸汽浓度与每种汽油成分的血液水平之间存在正相关。实践证明，该装置对估算汽油蒸气浓度具有实用价值。

A reliable method has been developed for analyzing small amounts of fuel components in biological materials, using two simultaneous procedures, that is head space and solvent extraction methods. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was used for qualitative and quantitative determinations.Aliphatic hydrocarbons with carbon numbers of 5 to 8 and aromatics such as benzene, toluene and xylenes were detected in laboratory animals following exposure to gasoline vapor, using the head space method. Aliphatic hydrocarbons, with carbon numbers over 9 as well as aromatics with the carbon number 9 including cumene, mesitylene, pseudocumene and 1,2,3-trimethylbenzene were determined by the solvent extraction method following exposure to kerosene vapor. Both methods were found to be applicable in confirming the cause of human deaths.Since most of the commercially available equimpent for exposure is not economical for use in a small laboratory, we designed a device for generating fuel vapor and can now perform routine experiments, using common tools. the tested solvent, gasoline, is vaporized by warming and is introduced into a series of chambers in which the concentrations can be regulated and stabilized. Vaporized gasoline concentrations are determined quantitatively under stable conditions for at least 60 min. in the case of animal experiments, a positive correlation was observed between the vapor concentration of gasoline and the blood level of each gasoline component. The apparatus proved to be of practical use for estimating the concentrations of gasoline vapor.