Study on information processing of the human visual system

人类视觉系统信息处理研究

• 批准号: 02670359
• 负责人: TOBIMATSU Shozo
• 金额: $ 1.34万
• 依托单位: KYUSHU UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1990 至 1992
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-02670359/
• 关键词: Contrast sensitivity function; Visual evoked potentials; Electroretinograms; Binocular vision; Visual discrimination

The information processing of the human visual pathways was studied by using electrophysiological and psychophysical methods.Following results were obtained. 1)Contrast sensitivity function (CSF) in normal aging and patients with visual disorders: Decreased CSF in aged people at high spatial frequencies was found. There was a high correlation between abnormal CSF and abnormal VEP in patients with optic neuritis. Deterioration of CSF was observed in patients with epilepsy treated with polypharmacy. These results indicate the usefulness of CSF in assessing the visual function. 2)Electroretinogram (ERG) and visual evoked potential (VEP) in normal subjects and patients with visual dysfunction: ERGs to uniform-field stimulation are different from those to patten-reversal stimulation, indicating that the former originates from the pre-ganglionic cells and the latter from the ganglion cells in the retina. Stimulus parameters of VEPs such as luminance, contrast, check size and temporal frequency were very important to determine the VEP responses. Frontal negativity of VEPs (N100) may be generated in the frontal lobe as a indicator of visual attention. Temporal frequency deficit in patients with dementia of Alzheimer type was found by steady-state flash VEPs. By using isoluminant chromatic sinusoidal gratings and apparent motion display, it is possible to stimulate the parallel visual pathways. 3)Binocular vision and visual discrimination in normal subjects: Binocular vision was assessed by random dot stereograms in normal subjects and event-related potentials to visual discrimination was recorded. But the further studies are required to clarity their significance.

本文应用电生理学和心理物理学方法研究了人眼视觉通路的信息加工过程，得到以下结果。1)正常老年人和视觉障碍患者的对比敏感度功能（CSF）：老年人在高空间频率下CSF降低，视神经炎患者CSF异常与VEP异常高度相关。在接受多种药物治疗的癫痫患者中观察到CSF恶化。这些结果表明，CSF在评估视功能方面是有用的。2)正常人和视功能障碍患者的视网膜电图（ERG）和视觉诱发电位（VEP）：均匀场刺激的ERG与图形反转刺激的ERG不同，前者起源于视网膜的节前细胞，后者起源于视网膜的节细胞。视觉诱发电位的刺激参数如亮度、对比度、检查大小和时间频率等对决定视觉诱发电位反应是非常重要的。VEP（N100）的额叶负波可能在额叶中产生，作为视觉注意力的指标。稳态闪光视觉诱发电位发现阿尔茨海默型痴呆患者存在时间频率缺陷。利用等亮度彩色正弦光栅和视运动显示，可以刺激平行视觉通路。3)正常受试者的双眼视觉和视觉辨别：通过随机点立体图评估正常受试者的双眼视觉，并记录视觉辨别的事件相关电位。但其意义还有待进一步研究。

项目成果

S.Tobimatsu,S.Tashima-Kurita,M.et al.: "Clinical relevance of phase of steady-state VEPs to P100 latency of transient VEPs." Electroenceph.clin.Neurophysiol.80. 89-93 (1991)

S.Tobimatsu、S.Tashima-Kurita、M.et al.：“稳态 VEP 相位与瞬态 VEP 的 P100 潜伏期的临床相关性。”

S.Kurita-Tashima,S.Tobimatsu et al.: "Frontal negativity of pattern-reversal visual evoked potentials in humans." Neurosci.Res. 10. 52-63 (1991)

S.Kurita-Tashima、S.Tobimatsu 等人：“人类模式反转视觉诱发电位的正面负性。”

Tobimatsu,S.: "Clinical relevance of phase of steadyーstate VEPs to P100 latency of transient VEPs." Electroenceph clin Neurophysiol. 80. 89-93 (1991)

Tobimatsu, S.：“稳态 VEP 相位与瞬态 VEP 的 P100 潜伏期的临床相关性。”Electroenceph clin Neurophysiol。80. 89-93 (1991)

飛松 省三: "大脳誘発電位.4.VEP.臨床神経生理学ー最近の検査法と臨床応用ー,島村 宗夫,柴崎 浩(編)" 真興交易医学書出版部, 198-211 (1991)

Shozo Tobimatsu：“大脑诱发电位。4.VEP。临床神经生理学 - 最近的测试方法和临床应用 -，Muneo Shimamura，Hiroshi Shibasaki（编辑）” Shinko Trading 医学出版部，198-211（1991）

S.Kurita-Tashima, S.Tobimatsu, M.Nakayama-Hiromatsu and M.Kato: "The neurophysiologic significance of frontal negativity in pattern-reversal evoked potentials." Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis.Sci.33. 2423-2428 (1992)

S.Kurita-Tashima、S.Tobimatsu、M.Nakayama-Hiromatsu 和 M.Kato：“模式反转诱发电位中额叶负性的神经生理学意义。”