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Contextual influences on object recognition investigated by means of steady-state visual evoked potentials

通过稳态视觉诱发电位研究上下文对物体识别的影响

基本信息

批准号：
325597884
负责人：
Professor Dr. Thomas Gruber
金额：
--
依托单位：
Norddeutsches Epilepsiezentrum Raisdorf
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2015-12-31 至 2019-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/325597884?language=en
关键词：
Contextual influences object recognition investigated

项目摘要

The present research proposal aims at investigating how context information influences object recognition. Contextual information can be provided by means of a scenic background or by semantic associations between several objects. Both scenarios are characterized by the perception of the so-called "gist" of the visual input, i.e. the perception of the general meaning of a scene. Up-today, the neuronal mechanisms underlying these contextual influences on object recognition are not well understood. One reason for this shortcoming lies in the methodological problem to separate the brain response elicited by a context from the cortical activation related to a target object. More precisely, conventional neuroscientific methods (e.g. BOLD signals) solely mirror the intermingled signal to all constituting elements of a multi-stimulus display. We intend to overcome this limitation by making use of the steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP), a specific technique in electroencephalogram (EEG) research. Besides other advantages, the SSVEP method can disentangle neuronal responses elicited by simultaneously presented stimuli by means of tagging each stimulus with an individual driving frequency (for example by presenting a familiar object at 12 Hz and a related scenic background at 9 Hz). Next, the EEG signal is transformed to its spectral components (in the above example the 12 Hz object response and the 9 Hz background response). We suggest conducting six experiments thereby taking advantage of the SSVEP methods major strengths. These experiments aim at answering the following two main research questions: (1) What are the neuronal underpinnings of objects recognition in context? (2) Which basic cognitive functions underlie contextual influences on object recognition (e.g. specific memory processes)? To sum, the proposed research project will provide systematic information about neuronal and cognitive mechanisms of object recognition under natural viewing conditions (i.e. with contextual information). The suggested experiments will thereby complement and extend current knowledge derived from studying object recognition in isolation (i.e. without context).

本研究旨在探讨情境信息如何影响物体识别。上下文信息可以通过场景背景或几个对象之间的语义关联来提供。这两种场景的特征在于对视觉输入的所谓“要点”的感知，即对场景的一般含义的感知。时至今日，这些背景对物体识别的影响背后的神经机制还没有得到很好的理解。造成这一缺点的一个原因在于将由背景引起的大脑反应与与目标对象相关的皮层激活分开的方法学问题。更确切地说，传统的神经科学方法（例如BOLD信号）仅将混合信号镜像到多刺激显示的所有构成元素。我们打算利用稳态视觉诱发电位（SSVEP），在脑电图（EEG）研究的一个特定的技术来克服这一限制。除了其他优点之外，SSVEP方法可以通过用单独的驱动频率标记每个刺激（例如，通过以12 Hz呈现熟悉的物体和以9 Hz呈现相关的风景背景）来解开由同时呈现的刺激引起的神经元响应。接下来，EEG信号被变换成其频谱分量（在上述示例中，12 Hz对象响应和9 Hz背景响应）。我们建议进行六个实验，从而利用SSVEP方法的主要优势。这些实验旨在回答以下两个主要的研究问题：（1）背景中物体识别的神经基础是什么？(2)哪些基本的认知功能是情境对物体识别的影响（例如特定的记忆过程）的基础？总而言之，拟议的研究项目将提供有关自然观察条件下（即具有上下文信息）物体识别的神经元和认知机制的系统信息。因此，建议的实验将补充和扩展从孤立地研究对象识别（即没有上下文）中获得的现有知识。