International Joint Research on Svalbard IS Radar

斯瓦尔巴群岛的斯皮斯卑尔根位于极点区域，这是科学上独特和重要的位置，太阳风粒子穿透到地球磁层和高层大气中，冬季即使在白天也可以同时使用光学和雷达技术进行观测。斯皮茨卑尔根的高功率IS(非相干散射)雷达在日地科学研究中非常有用。为此，由欧洲6个国家(芬兰、法国、德国、挪威、瑞典、英国)组成的斯瓦尔巴德雷达合作项目正在进行中，该项目由日地环境实验室、日本名古屋大学和欧洲海流散射科学协会组成。1991年，日本提出了用于斯瓦尔巴德雷达的相控阵雷达，而欧洲星际散射科学协会则提出了碟型雷达。在名古屋大学和EISCAT之间进行谈判后，计划在斯皮茨卑尔根建立一个双基地雷达系统，该系统由两个独立的雷达组成，分别由日本和EISCAT建造。1992年，合作计划被更改为日本将共享雷达系统的一部分，以恢复EISCAT提出的最初的碟型系统因资金限制而失去的能力。目前，基于单基地系统的斯瓦尔巴雷达的新计划正在合作中。

Spisbergen, Svalbard locates at the polar cusp region which is scientifically unique and important location, where the solar wind particles penetrate into the earth's magnetosphere and upper atmosphere and where sumultaneous observations by both optical and radar techniques are available during winter even in daytime. A high power IS (Incoherent Scatter) radar in Spitsbergen is quite useful for researches on solar-terrestrial sciences. Therefore, collaborative project on Svalbard radar between STEL (Solar-terrestrial Environment Laboratory), Nagoya University, Japan and EISCAT (European Incohenrent Scatter) Scientific Association organized by six European countries (Finland, France, Germany, Norway, Sweden, United Kingdom) is under progress.In 1991, Japan had proposed a phased-array type radar for Svalbard Radar and, on the other hand,EISCAT had proposed a dish type radar. Following negotiation between Nagoya University and EISCAT, once a bi-static radar system in Spitsbergen consisting of two separately located radars to be constructed respectively be Japan and EISCAT was planned. In 1992, the collaborative plan has been changed to such that Japan will share a part of the radar system in order to restore the capability lost from the original dish type system proposed by EISCAT because of a financial restriction. Now new plan of Svalbard radar based on a monostatic system is in progress under collaboration.