Comparison of Urban Restructuring between Korea and Japan

本次比较研究的调查对象是日本的北九州、大分、八幡市和韩国的春川、蔚山、木浦市。在某些情况下，还会添加其他城市的数据，以提供更多信息。研究结果如下：1。在日本，低密度地区正沿着城市外围的交通网络扩散。在韩国城市中，中心高密度地区正在扩大。这种差异主要是由于两国土地利用控制制度的差异造成的。在日本，已经建立了城市化控制区，以控制低密度地区的蔓延。在韩国，在城市外围划定了绿化带和绿化带内的绿化区，从而控制了不受欢迎的城市扩张。在城市化与基础设施的关系方面，日本城市规划的主要政策是通过开发住宅区、土地整理等方式提供充足的土地供应。例如，大分市的工业和住房基础设施是同时实施的。相比之下，韩国城市的基础设施发展相对于城市化的速度来说是不够的。两国的义务教育设施一般都是随着人口的快速增长而建设的。在这些学校中，出现了每个班学生多和临时建筑不足的问题。在韩国城市的住宅地区，道路空间被用作储藏、商店和游乐场等私人用途。随着汽车使用量的增加，这样的活动将不得不结束，各种环境问题将会出现。

Provincial cities surveyed in this comparative study are Kitakyushu, Oita, and Yatsushiro in Japan and Chunchon, Ursan, and Mokpo in Korea. Data from other cities are also added in some cases to provide more information. The results are as follows :1. In Japan, low density areas are spreading along the transportation network in the outskirts of cities. In Korean cities, central high density areas are growing. This contrast are mainly caused by the difference in land use control systems in the two countries. In Japan, urbanization control areas have been established to control the spread of low density areas. In Korea, green belts, and green districts within these green belts, have been designated in the outskirts of cities and an undesirable urban sprawl has thus been controlled.2. Concerning the relation between urbanization and infrastructure, a sufficient land supply through development of housing areas, land readjustment etc. are the main policy in Japanese city planning. As an example,in Oita City infrastructures for both industry and housing were implemented at the same time.As a contrast, in Korean cities the development of infrastructure are not sufficient concerning the rate of urbanization.3. Facilities for compulsory education are generally constructed following a rapid increase in population in both countries. In these schools, problems as many children in each class and unsufficient temporary buildings occure.4. In housing areas in Korean cities, road space are used for such private purposes as storing, shops and play grounds. With an increase in the use of cars, such activities will have to end and various environmental problems will occur.