Comparison of Urban Restructuring between Korea and Japan

这项比较研究中调查的省会城市是日本的北九州、大田和八户广，以及韩国的春川、乌尔山和木浦。在某些情况下，还添加了来自其他城市的数据，以提供更多信息。研究结果如下：1.在日本，低密度地区正沿着城市郊区的交通网络扩散。在韩国城市，中心高密度地区正在增长。这一对比主要是由两国土地使用管制制度的差异造成的。在日本，已经建立了城市化控制区，以控制低密度地区的蔓延。在韩国，城市郊区划定了绿化带和绿化带内的绿化区，从而控制了不受欢迎的城市扩张。在城市化与基础设施的关系上，通过开发住宅区、土地整理等方式提供充足的土地供应是日本城市规划的主要政策。例如，在大分市，同时实施了工业和住房基础设施；相比之下，韩国城市的基础设施发展在城市化速度方面不够。义务教育设施一般都是在两国人口迅速增长后建造的。在这些学校中，出现了每个班级学生人数多、临时建筑不足的问题。在韩国城市的住宅区，道路空间被用作私人用途，如商店、商店和游乐场。随着汽车使用量的增加，这样的活动将不得不结束，各种环境问题将会发生。

Provincial cities surveyed in this comparative study are Kitakyushu, Oita, and Yatsushiro in Japan and Chunchon, Ursan, and Mokpo in Korea. Data from other cities are also added in some cases to provide more information. The results are as follows :1. In Japan, low density areas are spreading along the transportation network in the outskirts of cities. In Korean cities, central high density areas are growing. This contrast are mainly caused by the difference in land use control systems in the two countries. In Japan, urbanization control areas have been established to control the spread of low density areas. In Korea, green belts, and green districts within these green belts, have been designated in the outskirts of cities and an undesirable urban sprawl has thus been controlled.2. Concerning the relation between urbanization and infrastructure, a sufficient land supply through development of housing areas, land readjustment etc. are the main policy in Japanese city planning. As an example,in Oita City infrastructures for both industry and housing were implemented at the same time.As a contrast, in Korean cities the development of infrastructure are not sufficient concerning the rate of urbanization.3. Facilities for compulsory education are generally constructed following a rapid increase in population in both countries. In these schools, problems as many children in each class and unsufficient temporary buildings occure.4. In housing areas in Korean cities, road space are used for such private purposes as storing, shops and play grounds. With an increase in the use of cars, such activities will have to end and various environmental problems will occur.