Chemo- and cytotaxonomic studies in plants of Southwest China

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The chemotaxonomy group studied the following 7 plants. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by means of chemical and spectroscopic evidence.1.Rubus suavissimus ; Diterpene glycosides were isolated from the leaves. The relationship of their structure and taste were discussed. 2.Neoalsomitra integrifoliola ; Seven cucurbitane and 25 dammarane triterpenes, including 23 new glycosides, were isolated from the root. 3.Phlomis younghusbandii ; New diterpenes and iridoid glycosides were isolated from the aerial part, and the structure-taste relationship was discussed. 4. Polygonatum kingianum ; Four new steroid saponins were isolated. This finding offered the fundamental information for the chemotaxonomy of this genus. 5.Schefflera octophylla ; Twelve triterpene glycosides were isolated from the bark. They were 6 pairs of corresponding oleananes and ursanes which consists the same sugar moieties. 6.Panax vietnamensis ; From the underground part, 37, including 14 n … More ew, saponins were isolated. Chemotaxonomy of this genus was discussed. 7.Glycyrrhiza yunnaensis ; From the root, 28 oleanane triterpene saponins were isolated. All of them contained glucuronic acid.The following research was achieved by the Cytotaxonomy group. L.Xia and Z.Gu research-directed by K.Kondo collected diploid (2n=30) and tetraploid (2n=60) Camellia reticulata instead of the cosmopolitic hexaploid individuals in the southern part of Sichuan Province, very close from the Yunnan-sichuan border. Thus, Camellia reticulata has the intraspecific polyploid series. This new finding may change our world-known hypothesis on origin of the hexaploid Camellia reticulata. K.Oginuma made many new counts of chromosomes in the major components of the broad-leaved evergreen forest of East Asia such as the Aceraceae, the Aquifoliaceae, the Cornaceae, the Euphorbiaceae, the Juglandaceae, the Rhamnaceae, the Theaceae and the Liliaceae for chromosome study. Y.Kuroki collected seeds of dioecious Rumex, the Polygonaceae for observation on structural differentiation of sex chromosome. M.Hizume has studied chromosomes in the Pinaceae using fluorescent banding and in-situ hybridization techniques. Less