Chemo- and cytotaxonomic studies in plants of Southwest China

化学分类组对以下7种植物进行了研究。分离得到的化合物的化学结构通过化学和光谱学的方法得到了证实。水痘；从叶中分离到二萜苷。讨论了它们的结构与口感的关系。2.整叶新alsomitra；从根中分离得到7个葫芦烷类和25个达玛烷类三萜，其中新苷23个。3.青苗；从空气中分离到新的二萜和环烯醚萜苷类化合物，并讨论了它们的构味关系。4. 黄精；分离得到4个新的甾类皂苷。这一发现为本属植物的化学分类提供了基础资料。5.八爪蟾；从树皮中分离得到12个三萜苷。它们是6对对应的齐墩烷和熊烷，由相同的糖段组成。6.越南人参；地下部分共分离到37种皂苷，其中有14种皂苷。讨论了本属植物的化学分类学。7.云南甘草；从根中分离得到齐墩烷三萜皂苷28种。它们都含有葡萄糖醛酸。细胞分类组完成了以下研究。在kondo的指导下，夏丽丽和顾之之在四川南部非常靠近滇川边境的地方，采集到了二倍体（2n=30）和四倍体（2n=60）的网茶树个体，而不是普遍存在的六倍体个体。因此，茶树具有种内多倍体系列。这一新发现可能会改变我们对六倍体茶花起源的已知假设。k.o oginuma在东亚常绿阔叶林的主要组成植物槭树科、水仙科、玉米科、大戟科、核桃科、鼠李科、山茶科和百合科中进行了许多新的染色体计数研究。Y.Kuroki采集雌雄异株蓼科蓼属植物的种子，观察其性染色体的结构分化。M.Hizume利用荧光带和原位杂交技术研究了松科植物的染色体。少

The chemotaxonomy group studied the following 7 plants. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by means of chemical and spectroscopic evidence.1.Rubus suavissimus ; Diterpene glycosides were isolated from the leaves. The relationship of their structure and taste were discussed. 2.Neoalsomitra integrifoliola ; Seven cucurbitane and 25 dammarane triterpenes, including 23 new glycosides, were isolated from the root. 3.Phlomis younghusbandii ; New diterpenes and iridoid glycosides were isolated from the aerial part, and the structure-taste relationship was discussed. 4. Polygonatum kingianum ; Four new steroid saponins were isolated. This finding offered the fundamental information for the chemotaxonomy of this genus. 5.Schefflera octophylla ; Twelve triterpene glycosides were isolated from the bark. They were 6 pairs of corresponding oleananes and ursanes which consists the same sugar moieties. 6.Panax vietnamensis ; From the underground part, 37, including 14 n … More ew, saponins were isolated. Chemotaxonomy of this genus was discussed. 7.Glycyrrhiza yunnaensis ; From the root, 28 oleanane triterpene saponins were isolated. All of them contained glucuronic acid.The following research was achieved by the Cytotaxonomy group. L.Xia and Z.Gu research-directed by K.Kondo collected diploid (2n=30) and tetraploid (2n=60) Camellia reticulata instead of the cosmopolitic hexaploid individuals in the southern part of Sichuan Province, very close from the Yunnan-sichuan border. Thus, Camellia reticulata has the intraspecific polyploid series. This new finding may change our world-known hypothesis on origin of the hexaploid Camellia reticulata. K.Oginuma made many new counts of chromosomes in the major components of the broad-leaved evergreen forest of East Asia such as the Aceraceae, the Aquifoliaceae, the Cornaceae, the Euphorbiaceae, the Juglandaceae, the Rhamnaceae, the Theaceae and the Liliaceae for chromosome study. Y.Kuroki collected seeds of dioecious Rumex, the Polygonaceae for observation on structural differentiation of sex chromosome. M.Hizume has studied chromosomes in the Pinaceae using fluorescent banding and in-situ hybridization techniques. Less