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Chemo- and cytotaxonomic studies in plants of Southwest China

中国西南植物的化学和细胞分类学研究

基本信息

批准号：
03044103
负责人：
TANAKA Osamu
金额：
$ 8万
依托单位：
Hiroshima University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1991
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1991 至 1993
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The chemotaxonomy group studied the following 7 plants. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by means of chemical and spectroscopic evidence.1.Rubus suavissimus ; Diterpene glycosides were isolated from the leaves. The relationship of their structure and taste were discussed. 2.Neoalsomitra integrifoliola ; Seven cucurbitane and 25 dammarane triterpenes, including 23 new glycosides, were isolated from the root. 3.Phlomis younghusbandii ; New diterpenes and iridoid glycosides were isolated from the aerial part, and the structure-taste relationship was discussed. 4. Polygonatum kingianum ; Four new steroid saponins were isolated. This finding offered the fundamental information for the chemotaxonomy of this genus. 5.Schefflera octophylla ; Twelve triterpene glycosides were isolated from the bark. They were 6 pairs of corresponding oleananes and ursanes which consists the same sugar moieties. 6.Panax vietnamensis ; From the underground part, 37, including 14 n … More ew, saponins were isolated. Chemotaxonomy of this genus was discussed. 7.Glycyrrhiza yunnaensis ; From the root, 28 oleanane triterpene saponins were isolated. All of them contained glucuronic acid.The following research was achieved by the Cytotaxonomy group. L.Xia and Z.Gu research-directed by K.Kondo collected diploid (2n=30) and tetraploid (2n=60) Camellia reticulata instead of the cosmopolitic hexaploid individuals in the southern part of Sichuan Province, very close from the Yunnan-sichuan border. Thus, Camellia reticulata has the intraspecific polyploid series. This new finding may change our world-known hypothesis on origin of the hexaploid Camellia reticulata. K.Oginuma made many new counts of chromosomes in the major components of the broad-leaved evergreen forest of East Asia such as the Aceraceae, the Aquifoliaceae, the Cornaceae, the Euphorbiaceae, the Juglandaceae, the Rhamnaceae, the Theaceae and the Liliaceae for chromosome study. Y.Kuroki collected seeds of dioecious Rumex, the Polygonaceae for observation on structural differentiation of sex chromosome. M.Hizume has studied chromosomes in the Pinaceae using fluorescent banding and in-situ hybridization techniques. Less

化学分类学小组研究了以下7种植物。通过化学和波谱方法对分离得到的化合物进行了结构鉴定。1.从树叶中分离得到二萜苷类化合物。讨论了它们的结构与口感的关系。2.整叶新银杏，从其根中分离得到7个葫芦烷和25个达玛拉烷三萜化合物，其中23个为新糖苷。从其地上部分分离得到新的二萜和环烯醚萜苷，并对其结构与味道的关系进行了讨论。4.野黄精：分离得到4个新的甾体皂苷。这一发现为该属的化学分类提供了基础信息。5.Schefflera octophylla，从其树皮中分离得到12个三萜苷。它们是含有相同糖基的6对相应的齐墩果烷和熊果烷。6.紫花人参；地下部分，37个，包括14n…更糟的是，分离出了皂苷。并对该属的化学分类进行了讨论。7.云南甘草：从其根中分离得到28个齐墩果烷三萜皂苷。它们都含有葡萄糖醛酸。以下研究由细胞分类学小组完成。在近藤康成的指导下，夏丽华和顾祖章在四川南部采集了二倍体(2n=30)和四倍体(2n=60)的网纹山茶，而不是世界政治的六倍体个体。因此，网纹山茶具有种内多倍体系列。这一新发现可能会改变我们关于六倍体网纹茶树起源的已知假说。Ogiuma对东亚常绿阔叶林的主要成分--针叶科、水青科、山茱萸科、大戟科、胡桃科、鼠李科、山茶科、百合科等植物的染色体进行了新的计数。采集了虎杖属植物雌雄异株酸模的种子，对其性染色体结构分化进行了观察。M.Hizume使用荧光显带和原位杂交技术研究了松科植物的染色体。较少