Chemo- and cytotaxonomic studies in plants of Southwest China

化学分类学小组研究了以下7种植物。从甜茶叶中分离得到二萜苷类化合物，经波谱分析和化学方法鉴定其结构。讨论了它们的结构与口感的关系。2.从其根中分离得到7个葫芦烷类化合物和25个达玛烷三萜类化合物，其中包括23个新苷类化合物。3.从其地上部分分离得到新的二萜和环烯醚萜苷类化合物，并对其构味关系进行了探讨。4.分离得到四个新的甾体皂苷。这一发现为该属植物的化学分类学研究提供了基础资料。5.从鹅掌柴树皮中分离得到12个三萜苷类化合物。它们是6对相应的齐墩果烷和熊烷，由相同的糖基组成。6.越南人参（Panax vietnamensis）;地下部分37个，其中14个新种 关于我们 分离得到皂苷类化合物。并对该属的化学分类进行了讨论。7.从云南甘草根中分离得到28个齐墩果烷型三萜皂苷。所有这些都含有葡萄糖醛酸。近藤光治指导下的夏良（L.Xia）和顾忠（Z.Gu）在四川省南部地区采集了二倍体（2n=30）和四倍体（2n=60）的红山茶（Camellia reticulata），而不是世界性的六倍体红山茶（Camellia）。因此，红山茶具有种内多倍体系列。这一新发现可能会改变我们对六倍体红山茶起源的假设。K.Oginuma等对东亚万年青林的主要组成部分，如槭树科、冬青科、山茱萸科、大戟科、胡桃科、鼠李科、山茶科和百合科的染色体进行了新的计数。为观察酸模属雌雄异株植物性染色体的结构分化，黑木洋子收集了酸模属的种子。M. Hizzeland曾用荧光显带和原位杂交技术研究松科植物的染色体。少

The chemotaxonomy group studied the following 7 plants. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by means of chemical and spectroscopic evidence.1.Rubus suavissimus ; Diterpene glycosides were isolated from the leaves. The relationship of their structure and taste were discussed. 2.Neoalsomitra integrifoliola ; Seven cucurbitane and 25 dammarane triterpenes, including 23 new glycosides, were isolated from the root. 3.Phlomis younghusbandii ; New diterpenes and iridoid glycosides were isolated from the aerial part, and the structure-taste relationship was discussed. 4. Polygonatum kingianum ; Four new steroid saponins were isolated. This finding offered the fundamental information for the chemotaxonomy of this genus. 5.Schefflera octophylla ; Twelve triterpene glycosides were isolated from the bark. They were 6 pairs of corresponding oleananes and ursanes which consists the same sugar moieties. 6.Panax vietnamensis ; From the underground part, 37, including 14 n … More ew, saponins were isolated. Chemotaxonomy of this genus was discussed. 7.Glycyrrhiza yunnaensis ; From the root, 28 oleanane triterpene saponins were isolated. All of them contained glucuronic acid.The following research was achieved by the Cytotaxonomy group. L.Xia and Z.Gu research-directed by K.Kondo collected diploid (2n=30) and tetraploid (2n=60) Camellia reticulata instead of the cosmopolitic hexaploid individuals in the southern part of Sichuan Province, very close from the Yunnan-sichuan border. Thus, Camellia reticulata has the intraspecific polyploid series. This new finding may change our world-known hypothesis on origin of the hexaploid Camellia reticulata. K.Oginuma made many new counts of chromosomes in the major components of the broad-leaved evergreen forest of East Asia such as the Aceraceae, the Aquifoliaceae, the Cornaceae, the Euphorbiaceae, the Juglandaceae, the Rhamnaceae, the Theaceae and the Liliaceae for chromosome study. Y.Kuroki collected seeds of dioecious Rumex, the Polygonaceae for observation on structural differentiation of sex chromosome. M.Hizume has studied chromosomes in the Pinaceae using fluorescent banding and in-situ hybridization techniques. Less