STUDIES ON PREPARATIVE SCALE SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION OF RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM ACTIVATION POLYSACCHARIDE FROM SNACHI-GINSENG

对著名中药材三七中活性多糖的网状内皮系统进行了制备性规模分离纯化。通过对各种合成聚合物(聚乙烯凝胶、多孔聚合物凝胶等)的大柱进行凝胶渗透高效液相色谱分离，得到活性组份(2A-1)。用淀粉糖苷酶处理2A-1得到了葡萄糖和一种未水解的阿拉伯半乳糖，命名为三七多糖-A(SA)，证明了2A-1是葡聚糖和SA的混合物，它们的相对分子质量相似(160万)。进一步揭示了2A-1的活性必须由SA来代表。确定了SA的结构是由具有0-6位支化点的D-(1--3)-连接的半乳糖基骨架组成，[主要&lt；α&gt；-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖基和部分&lt；β&gt；-D-半乳糖基]-(1-6)-&lt；-D-半乳糖基-(1-3)-lt；β&gt；-D-半乳糖基-(1-3)-lt；β&gt；-D-半乳糖基侧链平均连接在三个半乳糖单元中的两个单元上。SA含有少量蛋白质(3.27%)。通过与上述类似的方法，从人参和七叶忍者中分离得到活性多糖。为了实现SA等阿拉伯半乳糖与葡聚糖的高效分离，在碱性离子交换柱上对多种糖苷的硼酸盐络合物进行了高效液相色谱分离。结果表明，该方法能有效地分离含有阿拉伯呋喃糖基、阿拉伯吡喃糖基或半乳吡喃糖基的异构体糖苷和含有木吡喃糖基和吡喃葡萄糖基的异构体。

The preparative scale separation and purification of a reticuloendothelial system activating polysaccharide from Sanchi-Ginseng (root of Panax notoginseng), the well-known Chinese traditional medicine, was investigated. By means of gel permeation high performance liquid chromatogaraphy on large columns of a variety of synthetic polymers (polyvinyl gel and porous polymer gel etc.), an active fraction (2A-1) was obtained. Treatment of 2A-1 with amyloglucosidase gave glucose and an unhydrolyzed arabinogalactan named sanchinan-A(SA), demonstrating that 2A-1 was a mixture of a glucan and SA with the similar molecular weight(1,600,000) to each other. It was further revealed that the activity of 2A-1 must be represented by SA. The structure of SA was established to be composed of a <beta> -D-(1--3)-linked galactopyranosyl-backbone possessing branching points at position 0-6 to which [mainly <alpha> -L-arabinofuranosyl and partly <beta> -D-galactopyranosyl] -(1--6)- <beta> -D-galactopyranosyl-(1--3)- <beta> -D-galactopyranosyl side chain are attached on average to two of three galactosyl units. SA contains a small amount of protein (3.27%). By the similar procedures as above, active polysaccharides were isolated from Ginseng and Chikusetsu-Ninjin (rhizome of P. japonicus). These were proved to be different in molecular weight and sugar component from SA.In order to develope the efficient separation of arabinogalactan such as SA from glucan, high-performance liquid chromatography of borate complexes of a variety of glycosides on a basic ion-exchange column was investigated. It was revealed that this procedure is effective for the separation of isomeric glycosides, containing arabinofuranosyl, arabinopyranosyl or galactopyranosyl units from those containing xylopyranosyl and glucopyranosyl units.