STUDIES ON PREPARATIVE SCALE SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION OF RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM ACTIVATION POLYSACCHARIDE FROM SNACHI-GINSENG

研究了中药三七根网状内皮系统活化多糖的制备规模分离纯化。采用凝胶渗透高效液相色谱法对多种合成聚合物（聚氯乙烯凝胶和多孔聚合物凝胶等）进行大柱分析，得到了活性组分2A-1。用淀粉葡糖苷酶处理2A-1得到葡萄糖和一种未水解的阿拉伯半乳聚糖，名为sanchinan-A(SA)，表明2A-1是一种葡聚糖和SA的混合物，两者的分子量相近（160万）。进一步揭示了2A-1的活性必须由SA代表。SA的结构被确定为由< β > - d -(1—3)-连接的galactopyranosyl-骨架组成，其分支点位于0-6位，[主要< α > -l -arabinofuranosyl和部分< β > - d -galactopyranosyl] -(1—6)- < β > - d -galactopyranosyl-(1—3)- < β > - d -galactopyranosyl侧链平均连接到三个半乳糖基单元中的两个。SA含有少量蛋白质（3.27%）。采用相同的方法，从人参和千草参中分离得到活性多糖。结果表明，这些糖的分子量和糖组分与SA不同。为了开发从葡聚糖中分离SA等阿拉伯半乳聚糖的高效方法，采用碱离子交换柱对多种糖苷硼酸盐配合物进行了高效液相色谱研究。结果表明，该方法可有效地分离含阿拉伯糖烷酰脲基、阿拉伯糖烷酰脲基或半乳糖酰脲基的同分异构体苷与含木吡脲基和葡萄糖吡脲基的异分异构体苷。

The preparative scale separation and purification of a reticuloendothelial system activating polysaccharide from Sanchi-Ginseng (root of Panax notoginseng), the well-known Chinese traditional medicine, was investigated. By means of gel permeation high performance liquid chromatogaraphy on large columns of a variety of synthetic polymers (polyvinyl gel and porous polymer gel etc.), an active fraction (2A-1) was obtained. Treatment of 2A-1 with amyloglucosidase gave glucose and an unhydrolyzed arabinogalactan named sanchinan-A(SA), demonstrating that 2A-1 was a mixture of a glucan and SA with the similar molecular weight(1,600,000) to each other. It was further revealed that the activity of 2A-1 must be represented by SA. The structure of SA was established to be composed of a <beta> -D-(1--3)-linked galactopyranosyl-backbone possessing branching points at position 0-6 to which [mainly <alpha> -L-arabinofuranosyl and partly <beta> -D-galactopyranosyl] -(1--6)- <beta> -D-galactopyranosyl-(1--3)- <beta> -D-galactopyranosyl side chain are attached on average to two of three galactosyl units. SA contains a small amount of protein (3.27%). By the similar procedures as above, active polysaccharides were isolated from Ginseng and Chikusetsu-Ninjin (rhizome of P. japonicus). These were proved to be different in molecular weight and sugar component from SA.In order to develope the efficient separation of arabinogalactan such as SA from glucan, high-performance liquid chromatography of borate complexes of a variety of glycosides on a basic ion-exchange column was investigated. It was revealed that this procedure is effective for the separation of isomeric glycosides, containing arabinofuranosyl, arabinopyranosyl or galactopyranosyl units from those containing xylopyranosyl and glucopyranosyl units.