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Studies on the valuation of native domestic animals as genetic resources

本土家畜遗传资源价值研究

基本信息

批准号：
03304023
负责人：
HASHIGUCHI Tsutomu
金额：
$ 10.75万
依托单位：
Kagoshima University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
财政年份：
1991
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1991 至 1993
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-03304023/
关键词：
Japanese native horses feral cattle DNA-RFLP water buffaloes jungle fowl domestic fowls DNA finger printing Plylogenetic studies 日本犬ヒメウズラ日本鶏毛色多型沖縄水牛遺伝子構成在来犬卯白蛋白質

项目摘要

The research results were as follows.Genetic constitution of the Japanese native horses was continued to be examined Specifically the coat-color distribution to the Kiso horses was abserved to change since late Edo era of Jpan by collection and examination of some historical documents.Kuchinoshima feral cattle were bred to establish a breeding colony near the station of Nagoya University. Up to now, 3 male and 4 female calves were reared, and their growth in body-weight and -conformation were measured. DNA-RFLP analysis suggested that the cattle originated from the northern types of cattle.Genetic variability of water buffaloes in Okinawa showed the average level in comparison with other 33 populations in South and Southeast Asia, and it was found that the Okinawa water buffalo belonged to a group of China, Taiwan, and Philippine populations genetically.Res jungle fowl relatively closed to the domestic fowls by estimating the mean number of nucleotide substitutions per nucleotide site. On the other hand, Green jungle fowl genetically was remote to the domestic fowls. Thus, DNA finger printing analysis using DNA mixes could be effectively used to assess the genetic relationship among the stocks of fowl.Plylogenetic studies were conducted on 4 populations of Onaga-dori in Kochi Prefectures and 5 populations of Sado-higejidoris, Shibatoris and Echigo-nankins in Niigata Prefecture. Average heterozygosity was lowest in Onaga-doris, and the coefficient of gene differentiation was highest in Sado-higejidoris. Genetic differences among 3 breeds in Niigata prefectures were not so large.

研究结果如下：继续对日本土生马的遗传构成进行了具体考察，通过对日本江户时代晚期以来日本野马毛色分布的观察，发现日本野马的毛色分布发生了变化。在名古屋大学站附近饲养了草岛野牛，建立了繁殖群体。到目前为止，共饲养了3头公犊和4头母犊，并测量了它们的体重和形态生长。与南亚和东南亚其他33个群体相比，冲绳水牛的遗传变异水平处于平均水平，发现冲绳水牛在遗传上属于中国、台湾和菲律宾群体，通过估计每个核苷酸位点的平均核苷酸替换次数，发现Re丛林家禽与家禽比较接近。另一方面，绿色丛林家禽在遗传上与家禽相距甚远。因此，利用DNA混合技术进行DNA指纹分析可以有效地评估家禽群体间的亲缘关系。本研究对高知县的4个禽类群体和新泻县的5个禽类群体进行了多遗传学研究。Onaga-Doris的平均杂合度最低，而Sado-Heejidoris的基因分化系数最高。新泻县3个品种间的遗传差异不大。