The post-translational modification of proteins

蛋白质的翻译后修饰

• 批准号: 03304028
• 负责人: TANIGUCHI Naoyuki
• 金额: $ 8.45万
• 依托单位: Osaka University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1991 至 1992
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-03304028/
• 关键词: Glycation; Cystine protease; Amidation; Processing; Geranylgeranylzation; システィンプロテア-ゼ

Many proteins undergo a variety of modifications after translation, which referred to as post-translational modification. These modifications modulate functions and structures of proteins. Types of modifications are variable among individual proteins, and extensive studies are necessary to identify each modification.Shimonishi et.al. identified an addition of fatty acids, C14:0, C14:1, C14:2 and C12:0, as a modification of N-terminus in alpha subunit of photoreceptor Gprotein, using ESI and FAB mass spectrometry. They also developed a novel method to determine the site which an N-linked oligosaccharide was added. Tashiro et.al. found that the proteins carrying KDEL-motif responsible for retention at endoplasmic reticulum could be secreted into lumen from rat pancreatic exocrine cells. Katunuma et.al. showed that an epidermal cornified envelop consisted of cystine alpha, and that the phospholated threonine at the Cterminal region of cystine alpha is a tergeting signal for keratohyalin g … More ranules. Omura et.al. reported that the charges at the N terminal region and the following hydrophobic amino acid sequence were important for proteins to anchor and integrate to membranes in endoplasmic reticulum. Himeno et.al. cloned a cDNA encoding 85 kDa glycoprotein localized in lysosomal membrane of rat liver. It was found that the protein was a novel type of lysosomal protein without GY-motif. Makita et.al. showed that levels of processing proteases acting on lysosomal enzymes were decreased in cancers as compared to normal tissues. Horiuchi et.al. showed evidence of an AGE structure in human body, by using immunological technique. Miyagi et.al. suggested that increased activity of sialyltransferase in hepatoma was due to enhancement of translation or alteration of post-translational modification. Ohkubo et.al. found that pyroglutamyl aminopeptidase activities consisted at least of two isozymes. Taniguchi et.al. showed that the hydroxyl radical generation from the glycated Cu,Zn-SOD lead to fragmentation of the enzyme. They also indicated that the 3-deoxyglucosone reducing enzyme was identical to an aldehyde reductase. Less

许多蛋白质在翻译后会经历各种修饰，这被称为翻译后修饰。这些修饰调节了蛋白质的功能和结构。修饰的类型在单个蛋白质中是可变的，需要广泛的研究来确定每种修饰。Shimonishi出版社。利用ESI和FAB质谱技术，鉴定了光感受器g蛋白α亚基n端修饰的脂肪酸C14:0、C14:1、C14:2和C12:0。他们还开发了一种新的方法来确定添加n链低聚糖的位置。田代出版社。发现携带负责内质网滞留的kdel基序的蛋白可以从大鼠胰腺外分泌细胞分泌到管腔中。Katunuma出版社。结果表明，表皮角化被膜由胱氨酸α组成，胱氨酸α末端的磷酸化苏氨酸是角化素g的靶向信号。Omura出版社。在内质网中，N端区域的电荷和下面的疏水氨基酸序列对于蛋白质锚定和整合到膜上是重要的。Himeno出版社。克隆了一个编码85 kDa的大鼠肝脏溶酶体膜糖蛋白的cDNA。结果表明，该蛋白是一种不含gy基序的新型溶酶体蛋白。Makita出版社。表明与正常组织相比，癌症组织中作用于溶酶体酶的加工蛋白酶水平降低。Horiuchi出版社。利用免疫学技术发现了人体内AGE结构的证据。宫城县出版社。提示肝癌中唾液基转移酶活性的增加是由于翻译增强或翻译后修饰的改变。Ohkubo出版社。发现焦氨酰氨基肽酶活性至少由两种同工酶组成。谷口出版社。结果表明，糖基化Cu，Zn-SOD产生的羟基自由基导致酶的断裂。他们还指出，3-脱氧葡萄糖还原酶与醛还原酶相同。少

项目成果

Araki,N.: "Immunochemical evidence for the presence of advanced glycation end products in human lens proteins and its positive correlation with aging." J.Biol.Chem.267. 10211-10214 (1992)

Araki,N.：“免疫化学证据表明人类晶状体蛋白中存在高级糖基化终产物及其与衰老的正相关性。”

Miyauchi,K.: "Molecular cloning,sequencing,and expression of cDNA for liver microsomal aldehyde dehydrogenase." J.Biol.Chem.266. 19536-19542 (1991)

Miyauchi,K.：“肝微粒体醛脱氢酶 cDNA 的分子克隆、测序和表达。”

Ookawara,T.: "Site-specific and random fragmentation of Cu,Zu-superoxide dismutase by glycation reaction:Implication of reactive oxygen species." J.Biol.Chem. 267. 18505-18510 (1992)

Ookawara,T.：“通过糖化反应对 Cu,Zu 超氧化物歧化酶进行位点特异性和随机断裂：活性氧的影响。”

Sakahuchi,M.: "Functions of signal and signal-anchor sequences are determined by the balance between the hydrophobic segment and the N-terminal charge." Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.89. 16-19 (1992)

Sakahuchi,M.：“信号和信号锚序列的功能是由疏水片段和 N 端电荷之间的平衡决定的。”

Mori,T.: "Molecular cloning and deduced amino acid sequence of nonspecific lipid transfer protein(sterol carrier protein 2)of rat liver" Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA. 88. 4338-4342 (1991)

Mori,T.：“大鼠肝脏非特异性脂质转移蛋白（甾醇载体蛋白 2）的分子克隆和推导的氨基酸序列”Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA。