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Molecular mechanism and regulation of development of vacuoles during elongation of plant cells.

植物细胞伸长过程中液泡发育的分子机制和调控。

基本信息

批准号：
03660072
负责人：
MAESHIMA Masayoshi
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
Hokkaido University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1991
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1991 至 1992
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-03660072/
关键词：
Cell growth Vacuolar membrane Proton pump ATPase Pyrophosphatase 細胞生長ピロホスファタ-ゼ膜酵素

项目摘要

In the cells of higher plants, vacuoles function as storage organelles, as hydrolytic compartments, and as controllers of turgor pressure. The space-filling role of the vacuoles is also important and is essential to the growth of plant cells. The increase in cell volume is accounted for by enlargement of the vacuole. Thus it is impossible to discuss the cell growth without a full understanding of the biogenesis and development of vacuoles. In this study, the vacuolar H^+-ATPase and H^+-pyrophosphatase were investigated as markers of the vacuolar membranes. These two proton pumps transport protons into vacuoles and maintain their acidity.Vacuolar H^+-ATPase of mung bean consists of nine subunits, while the H^+-pyrophosphatase consists of a single polypeptide of 73,000 daltons. The following results have been obtained.(1) The vacuolar ATPase and H^+-pyrophosphatase were detected in all plant species investigated including green alga, moss and fern. The molecular masses and molecular activities of the pyrophosphatase were similar to the mung bean enzyme.(2) The content of the pyrophosphatase in the vacuolar membrane decreased after maturation of cells, although the amount of the ATPase was constant. Therefore, the regulatory mechanisms of synthesis may be different between the ATPase and H^+-pyrophosphatase.(3) A major integral protein (VM23) which is very hydrophobic was found in vacuolar membrane. From the data concerning the amino- terminal sequence and reactivity to inhibitor such as DCCD (dicylohexylcarbodiimide), VM23 has been estimated as a water channel or ion transporter.

在高等植物的细胞中，液泡起着贮藏细胞器、水解室和膨压控制器的作用。液泡的空间填充作用也很重要，对植物细胞的生长至关重要。细胞体积的增加是由于液泡的扩大。因此，如果不充分了解液泡的生物发生和发育，就不可能讨论细胞的生长。在这项研究中，液泡H^+-ATP酶和H^+-焦磷酸酶作为液泡膜的标记进行了研究。这两个质子泵将质子输送到液泡中，并维持液泡的酸性。绿豆的质子H^+-ATP酶由9个亚基组成，而H^+-焦磷酸酶由一个73，000道尔顿的多肽组成。取得了以下结果。(1)液泡ATP酶和H^+-焦磷酸酶在所研究的所有植物包括绿色植物、苔藓和蕨类植物中都有检测。焦磷酸酶的分子量和分子活性与绿豆酶相似。(2)细胞成熟后，液泡膜上的焦磷酸酶含量减少，而ATP酶含量基本不变。因此，ATP酶和H^+-焦磷酸酶合成的调节机制可能不同。(3)在液泡膜中发现了一个疏水性很强的主要整合蛋白（VM 23）。根据关于氨基末端序列和对抑制剂如DCCD（二环己基碳二亚胺）的反应性的数据，已经估计VM 23是水通道或离子转运蛋白。