Biochemical properties and physiological role of novel proteins involved in regulation of phosphatidylinositol phosphates.

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Plasma membrane-associated Ca2+-binding proteins (PCaPs) of Arabidopsis thaliana is a novel-type proteins that bind to the calmodulin (CaM)/Ca complex and phosphatidylinositol phosphates (PIPs) at their N-terminal parts. PCaPs are myristoylated and stably associated with the plasma membrane. PCaPs bind PIPs at resting state of cells and CaM/Ca when the cytoplasolic Ca2+level is increased. Thus, it is estimated that PCaPs function as transducers from Ca-signaling to PIP-signaling. During the present study, we demonstrated that PCaP1 is involved in closure of stomata in leaves and that PCaP2 regulates root hair tip growth via processing Ca2+and PtdInsP signals on the plasma membrane.