Chemical study on the evolutionary process for household pests cockroaches and the pest management

本项目的目的是研究蟑螂物种在变成家庭害虫过程中的进化适应机制，重点研究蟑螂对婚礼信息素分泌和常见食物成分的吞噬反应的化学传感基础。德国小蠊的雄性蟑螂从腹部的生殖腺分泌一种信息素物质，在随后的求偶行为中，这会在雌性蟑螂身上引起摄食反应。婚礼分泌物由低聚糖、磷脂、类固醇和氨基酸组成。雌性蟑螂的婚礼取食行为是由雄性蟑螂分泌物中的一种复杂的营养成分引起的，这些成分与它们普通食物中的成分相似。对来自不同生境的德国小蠊(B.germanica)、斜纹夜蛾(B.lituricollis)和森林小实蝇(B.nipponica)3种小蠊的婚礼分泌物的化学成分进行了研究。雄虫信息素组成的多样性可能反映在雄虫的生物合成系统和雌性蟑螂与其自然栖息地相适应的化学感觉特性上。证据表明，蟑螂在这一过程中通过雌性对高营养物质的偏好而对家庭害虫产生适应机制。

The aim of this project is to study on the evolutionary adaptation mechanism of cockroach species in the process of becoming to household pests, focusing on the chemosensory basis of phagostimulant responses of the cockroaches toward the nuptial pheromonal secretions and ordinary food components. Males of the German cockroach, Blattella germanica, secrete a pheromonal substance from the abdominal tergal glands, which elicits a feeding response in females during the sequential courtship behavior. The nuptial secretion consists of a complex mixture of oligosaccharides, phospholipids, steroids and amino acids. The nuptial feeding behavior of the female cockroach is elicited by a complex assortment of nutritive components in the male tergal secretion similar to ingredients found in their ordinary foods. The chemical compositions of nuptial secretions were examined in three Blattella species from different habitats, B.germanica (house), B.lituricollis (field) and B.nipponica (forest). The diversification of the male pheromonal compositions within the genus might be reflected by biosynthetic systems in males and chemosensory properties in females suited for their natural habitat, The evidence suggests an adaptation mechanism of the cockroach in the process toward a household pests via the female's preference to the highly nutritional substances.