Significance and Limit of Family Farm in the organized Society --Perspective of management organization in Japanese Agriculture

家庭农场不容易适应高度发达和有组织的工业社会，部分原因是在现代社会中实现以下组织特征的能力较差。1.追求创新的组织。2.通过分工实现专业化、多样化的组织。3.保证高质量劳动生活的组织。4.使其成员倾向于属于该组织的组织。农业和制造业在获取利润或收入的可能性方面也有很大的不同。但我们不应该用这种可能性来解释农业不活跃的原因，因为有很多家庭农场表现出经营活跃，实现了高利润和高收入。他们有能力克服农业的障碍，或在家族企业中找到这样的优点。从这个角度来看，我们不应该否认家庭农场的重要性，有必要采取措施，使家庭农场与公司业务具有平等的竞合条件。但另一方面，在工业社会中，农业企业应该从单纯的召唤成长为企业。为了促进这一发展，必须对未来的农业经营管理体制、农场经营的规模和竞争力、农场的继承制度和公司新进入农业的适宜性等问题进行研究。

Family Farms are not easily adaptable to the highly developed and organized industrial society, partly because of the less ability to realize such characters of the organization in modern society as follows. 1.organization which pursues the innovation. 2.organization which realizes the specialization and diversification through division of labor. 3.organization which ensures the high quality of labor life. 4.organization which gives its members inclination to belong to the organization. There is also a big difference between the agriculture and manufacturing industry with regard to the possibility of acquirement of profit or income. But we should not explain the reason for the inactivity of agriculture through this less possibility,because there are many family farms which show activity in business and realize high profit and income. They have capacity to overcome the handicaps of agriculture or find the merits in family business an such. On this point of view we should not deny the significance of family farms and it is necessary to take measures for family farms to have the equal conditions of concurrence to company business. But on the other hand agricultural business should grow up from mere calling to enterprise in industrial society. In order to encourage this development such problems must be examined as the future agricultural business and management system, scale and competitive ability of farm management,inheritance system of farms and the propriety of new entry of company into agriculture.