Mechanical Properties of Human Lumbar Intervertebral Discs and Design of an Artificial Structure to Substitute for the Mechanical Function

人体腰椎间盘的力学特性及替代力学功能的人工结构设计

基本信息

批准号：
03650068
负责人：
TADANO Shigeru
金额：
$ 1.34万
依托单位：
Hokkaido University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1991
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1991 至 1992
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The human spine is composed of many vertebrae and intervertebral discs, and has the complex structure and three dimensional geometry. Because the motion of trunk is due to the elastic deformation of intervertebral discs which have also shockabsorbing ability between vertebrae, intervertebral discs are subjected to a considerable variety of forces and moments. In particular, the lumbar spine is subjected to a larger load and more complex movement than the other sections. The lumbar disc, therefore, is the most important component to maintain stability and mobility of the lumbar spine. Many diseases of human lumbar spine are often caused by the mechanical factors of disc, as disc degeneration and disc injuries. Therefore, useful information in biomechanical researches must be produced on the lumbar spine. The purpose of this study is to investigate the mechanical properties of the human lumbar intervertebral discs and to design an artificial structure to substitute for the mechanical function. First, the static loading response of L4/5 disc was confirmed by the cyclic axial compression-tension test and the cyclic axial torsion test within the range of physiological loads. Next, a method of the estimation of elastic modulus at a local region in a disc was presented. In addition, the state of strain occurring on the sagittal plane of a disc in vivo was evaluated under flexion and extension. Finally, a new artificial intervertebral disc was proposed to reconstruct the stability and mobility of the mechanical function of a human lumbar disc.

人的脊柱由许多椎骨和椎间盘组成，具有复杂的结构和三维几何形状。由于躯干的运动是由于椎间盘的弹性变形引起的，椎骨也具有椎骨之间的冲击能力，因此椎间盘受到相当多的力和力矩。特别是，与其他部分相比，腰椎承受更大的负载和更复杂的运动。因此，腰椎是维持腰椎稳定性和迁移率的最重要组成部分。人类腰椎的许多疾病通常是由椎间盘的机械因素（作为椎间盘变性和椎间盘损伤）引起的。因此，必须在腰椎上产生生物力学研究中的有用信息。这项研究的目的是研究人类腰椎椎间盘的机械性能，并设计人工结构以替代机械功能。首先，通过循环轴向压缩测试测试和循环轴向扭转测试在生理载荷范围内确认了L4/5盘的静态载荷响应。接下来，提出了一种在光盘中局部区域估算弹性模量的方法。另外，在屈曲和延伸下评估了在体内矢状平面上发生的应变状态。最后，提出了一种新的人工椎间盘，以重建人类腰椎机械功能的稳定性和迁移率。