Research on Individual Design Simulator to Develop Home Care Equipment fitted Personal Physical Properties

本研究的目的是开发一个适合个人物理特性的家庭护理设备的个性化设计模拟器。结果表明：从力学角度考虑，人体上肢的每个运动自由度都是由两块以上的肌肉驱动和控制的。在这项工作中，在人体上肢肌肉力量的数值分析方法，提出了在旋前旋后的前臂关节和屈曲的肩关节。由于不能仅从力或力矩的平衡方程计算肌肉力，因此使用拉格朗日乘子的优化方法。通过从起点到插入点的直线对肌肉进行建模。分析结果主要受肌肉骨骼几何形状的影响，特别是前臂短肌的结果表现出这种影响。因此，肌肉路径是通过使用人体的塑料三维原型来确定的。 关于我们 n上肢。在优化方法的目标函数中的参数被选择来表示仅在收缩方向上起作用的肌肉特性。因此，可以分析地分离拮抗剂和拮抗剂。通过肌电描记法进行的实验证实了该分析的结果。不仅是残疾人，就连居住在日本最北端的岛屿北海道的老年人，在以大雪和低温为特征的冬季，也希望参加户外活动。这些人中的大多数人冒险到户外去购物或去医院，即使是在恶劣的条件下。轮椅通常用于户外运输。然而，在冬天使用轮椅有许多问题：冰雪覆盖的道路非常滑，脚轮容易被雪掩埋，扶手太冷而无法处理。因此，非常需要一种适合在冬季户外使用的轮椅。我们正在开发一种冬季户外使用的电动轮椅。在这项工作中，三种类型的电动轮椅与前轮驱动，后轮驱动和前自由脚轮，后轮驱动和机械控制脚轮，在结冰的道路上，积雪覆盖的道路，和室内地面上的驾驶性能进行了测试。此外，还提出了电动轮椅车在雪地条件下驾驶性能的仿真计算方法。电动轮椅车在冬季使用时，电池的放电容量因低温而急剧下降，这是一个非常重要的问题。在这项工作中，电动轮椅电池的充电和放电在恒定的低温下进行了检查。用泡沫聚乙烯覆盖的电池也在相同条件下进行测试。此外，我们还进行了电动轮椅的行驶试验，以调查在冬季新雪路面和压实积雪路面以及夏季正常路面上的放电能力。少

The aim of this research project is to develop an individual design simulator to home care equipment fitted personal physical properties. The following results were obtained:Considering the human upper limb from the viewpoint of mechanics, every degree of freedom of motion is actuated and controlled by more than two muscles. In this work, a method of numerical analysis of muscle force in a human upper limb was proposed during pronation-supination of the forearm joint and during flexion of the shoulder joint.. Because no muscle force can be calculated from only the equilibrium equations of force or moment, the optimization method using Lagrange multipliers. Muscles were modeled by a straight line from the origin to the insertion. The analytical results were mostly affected by musculoskeletal geometry, in particular, the results for the short muscles of the forearm exhibited such an effect. Therefore, the muscle paths were determined by using a plastic three-dimensional prototype of huma … More n upper limb. Parameters in the object function of the optimization method were selected to express the muscle properties acting only in the direction of the contraction. Therefore, the synergist and the antagonist could be separated analytically. The results obtained from this analysis were confirmed by experiments using electromyography.Not only handicapped people but also elderly people living in Hokkaido, the northernmost island in Japan, desire to participate in outdoor activities during a winter season that is characterized by heavy snow and low temperatures. Most of these people venture outdoors to go shopping or to hospitals, even under severe conditions. A wheelchair is generally used for outdoor transport. There are, however, many problems with using a wheelchair during the winter; roads covered with snow and ice are very slippery, casters are easily buried in snow, and handrims are too cold to handle. Therefore, an appropriate wheelchair for outdoor use during the winter season is greatly desired. We are developing an electric wheelchair effective for outdoor use during the winter. In this work, three types of electric wheelchairs with front-wheel drive, rear-wheel drive and front free casters, and rear-wheel drive and mechanically controlled casters, were tested for drivability on icy roads, snow-covered roads, and indoor floors. In addition, computational methods were proposed to simulate the drivability of electric wheelchairs under snowy conditions. In winter use of an electric wheelchair, it is much important problem that the discharge capacity of battery extremely drops for low temperatures. In this work, batteries for the electric wheelchair were examined on charging and discharging under constant lower temperature. Batteries covered with foamed polyethylene were also tested at the same condition. In addition, we carried out driving tests of electric wheelchair to investigate discharging ability on fresh-snowed road and compact snowed road in winter and normal road in summer. Less