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Interactions between Neural Oscillators and their Functional Hierarchical Structures

神经振荡器及其功能层次结构之间的相互作用

基本信息

批准号：
03650334
负责人：
KAWAHARA Koichi
金额：
$ 1.66万
依托单位：
YAMAGATA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1991
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1991 至 1992
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Animals were decerebrated at the precollicular-postmammillary level under halothane anesthesia. The animal was then fixed to a stereotaxic frame, and the limbs were placed on a moving treadmill belt. The glass-insulated tungsten microelectrode was inserted into the midbrain to identify the mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR), stimulation of which induces locomotion on a treadmill. Tonic electrical stimulation (50 pulses/s) was delivered to the MLR. Electromyograms were recorded by implantation of bipolar electrode into the bilateral gastrocnemius muscle and the diaphragm to evaluate the stepping rhythm and the respiratory rhythm, respectively. The cardiac rhythm was assessed by recording of electrocardiogram (ECG). The heart beat periods were transformed into another pulse train in which the pulses were arranged in equal intervals with the pulse height representing the heart beat periods. The transformed heart beat signal was designated as the heart beat fluctuation. At rest, the card … More iac rhythm was strongly modulated by the respiratory rhythm (Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia, RSA). The extent of such respiratory modulation of heart beat became small during treadmill locomotion. This result suggested that the coupling strength between the cardiac and the respiratory rhythms became weak during locomotion. The animal was then vagotomized bilaterally under halothane anesthesia. At rest, the extent of the resiratory modulation of heart beat markedly reduced after vagotomy. However, the strength of the cardiorespiratory coupling became greater during locomotion than that at rest. The animal was then paralyzed with gallamine triethiodide (4 mg/Kg i.v.), and artificially ventilated. Pneumothorax was also performed under anesthesia. In such a preparation, tonic electrical stimulation was delivered to the MLR to elicit fictive locomotion. The coherence between the heart beat fluctuation and the efferent discharges of the hindlimb muscle nerve was used to evaluate the coupling between cardiac and locomotor rhythms during MLR-elicited fictive locomotion. Heart beat was apparently modulated by the centrally generated stepping rhythm. This result demonstrated that there was a locomotor-cardiac coupling of central origin. Based on the above findings as well as on our previous ones, we proposed a new model concerning the hierarchical structure of biological oscillators. Less

在氟烷麻醉下，在丘前-乳头后水平对动物进行去脑。然后将动物固定在立体定位框架上，并将四肢放置在移动的跑步机带上。将玻璃绝缘的钨微电极插入中脑以识别中脑运动区（MLR），刺激该区域可诱导跑步机上的运动。强直电刺激（50 脉冲/秒）被传送至 MLR。通过将双极电极植入双侧腓肠肌和膈肌记录肌电图，分别评估踏步节律和呼吸节律。通过记录心电图（ECG）来评估心律。心跳周期被转换成另一个脉冲序列，其中脉冲以等间隔排列，脉冲高度代表心跳周期。变换后的心跳信号被称为心跳波动。休息时，心律受到呼吸节律（呼吸性窦性心律失常，RSA）的强烈调节。在跑步机上运动时，这种心跳呼吸调节的程度变小。这一结果表明，心脏和呼吸节律之间的耦合强度在运动过程中变弱。然后在氟烷麻醉下对动物进行双侧迷走神经切断术。休息时，迷走神经切断术后呼吸调节心跳的程度显着降低。然而，运动时心肺耦合的强度比静止时更强。然后用三硫碘化镓胺（4 mg/Kg i.v.）使动物麻痹，并进行人工通气。气胸也是在麻醉下进行的。在这样的准备工作中，强直电刺激被传递到 MLR 以引发虚构的运动。心跳波动和后肢肌肉神经传出放电之间的一致性用于评估 MLR 引起的虚拟运动期间心脏节律和运动节律之间的耦合。心跳显然是由中央产生的踏步节律调节的。该结果表明存在中枢起源的运动-心脏耦合。基于上述发现以及我们之前的发现，我们提出了一个关于生物振荡器层次结构的新模型。较少的