Interactions between Neural Oscillators and their Functional Hierarchical Structures

神经振荡器及其功能层次结构之间的相互作用

基本信息

批准号：
03650334
负责人：
KAWAHARA Koichi
金额：
$ 1.66万
依托单位：
YAMAGATA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1991
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1991 至 1992
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Animals were decerebrated at the precollicular-postmammillary level under halothane anesthesia. The animal was then fixed to a stereotaxic frame, and the limbs were placed on a moving treadmill belt. The glass-insulated tungsten microelectrode was inserted into the midbrain to identify the mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR), stimulation of which induces locomotion on a treadmill. Tonic electrical stimulation (50 pulses/s) was delivered to the MLR. Electromyograms were recorded by implantation of bipolar electrode into the bilateral gastrocnemius muscle and the diaphragm to evaluate the stepping rhythm and the respiratory rhythm, respectively. The cardiac rhythm was assessed by recording of electrocardiogram (ECG). The heart beat periods were transformed into another pulse train in which the pulses were arranged in equal intervals with the pulse height representing the heart beat periods. The transformed heart beat signal was designated as the heart beat fluctuation. At rest, the card … More iac rhythm was strongly modulated by the respiratory rhythm (Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia, RSA). The extent of such respiratory modulation of heart beat became small during treadmill locomotion. This result suggested that the coupling strength between the cardiac and the respiratory rhythms became weak during locomotion. The animal was then vagotomized bilaterally under halothane anesthesia. At rest, the extent of the resiratory modulation of heart beat markedly reduced after vagotomy. However, the strength of the cardiorespiratory coupling became greater during locomotion than that at rest. The animal was then paralyzed with gallamine triethiodide (4 mg/Kg i.v.), and artificially ventilated. Pneumothorax was also performed under anesthesia. In such a preparation, tonic electrical stimulation was delivered to the MLR to elicit fictive locomotion. The coherence between the heart beat fluctuation and the efferent discharges of the hindlimb muscle nerve was used to evaluate the coupling between cardiac and locomotor rhythms during MLR-elicited fictive locomotion. Heart beat was apparently modulated by the centrally generated stepping rhythm. This result demonstrated that there was a locomotor-cardiac coupling of central origin. Based on the above findings as well as on our previous ones, we proposed a new model concerning the hierarchical structure of biological oscillators. Less

在硫烷麻醉下，在前骨上骨骼骨骼水平上屈曲动物。然后将动物固定在立体定位框架上，将四肢放在移动的跑步机带上。将玻璃绝缘的钨微电极插入中脑中，以识别脑脑运动区域（MLR），刺激其在跑步机上诱导运动。将滋补电刺激（50脉冲/s）传递到MLR。通过将双极电极植入到双侧胃gus肌和diaphragm中，分别通过植入双极电极来评估肌电图。通过记录心电图（ECG）评估心律。心跳周期转变为另一种脉搏列，在该脉冲中，脉冲以相等的间隔排列，脉冲高度代表心脏跳动。转变的心跳信号被指定为心跳波动。在休息时，呼吸节奏（呼吸窦性心律失常，RSA）强烈调节了卡片……更多的IAC节奏。在跑步机上，这种心跳的这种呼吸调节的程度很小。该结果表明，运动过程中心脏和呼吸节奏之间的耦合强度变得较弱。然后，在氟烷麻醉下将动物的双侧迷走到双侧。在休息时，迷走神经切开术后心跳的可靠性调节程度显着降低。然而，在移动期间，心肺耦合的强度比静止的强度更大。然后将动物与三乙二醇（4 mg/kg i.v.）瘫痪，并进行了人工通风。在麻醉下还进行了气胸。在这样的制剂中，滋补电刺激被输送到MLR以引起虚拟的运动。心脏跳动波动与后肢肌肉神经的有效排放之间的相干性用于评估MLR引起的虚拟运动期间心脏和运动节律之间的耦合。心跳显然是由中央产生的阶梯节奏调节的。该结果表明，中央起源有运动性心态耦合。基于上述发现以及以前的发现，我们提出了一个有关生物振荡器层次结构的新模型。较少的