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The Socio-economic Study on the Food Production in Africa

非洲粮食生产的社会经济研究

基本信息

批准号：
04041050
负责人：
SUEHARA Tatsuro
金额：
$ 11.84万
依托单位：
TOYAMA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1992 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The purpose of this study is to make clear the impact of the Structual Adjustment Programs on Tanzanian peasant society. Structual Adjustment Programs were introduced to many African countries by the World Bank at the end of 1980's. In Tanzania, the government signed an agreement with IMF in 1986.After that, Economic Recovery Programs (ERP : 1986-1989) and Econimic and Social Action Programs (ERP2 : 1990-) were introduced. These two Programs introduced a market economy system into the Tanzanian food production economy. Many Tanzanian rural societies are radically being changed by these programs.We chose six different rural villages in Tanzania in which we measured fields, conducted questionnaires and interviews. Four of the six villages are in the Morogoro Region, one is in the Iringa Region, and the other is in the Moshi Region. In this paper, we illustrate the importance in the selected farming communities of the informal creditsystem among small farmers and the organization of the informal credit market. Second, we show the impact of market liberalization on the farmers' decisions concerning field expansion.Third, we describe the new food traders, who are farmers in the local villages.Finally, we illustrate the socio-cultural change in the old paddy field agricultural system and compare it with the modern paddy field agricultural system.

本研究的目的是弄清楚结构调整方案对坦桑尼亚农民社会的影响。20世纪80年代末，世界银行向许多非洲国家推出了结构调整计划。坦桑尼亚政府于1986年与国际货币基金组织签署了一项协议，此后，坦桑尼亚开始实施经济复苏计划（ERP：1986-1989）和经济和社会行动计划（ERP 2：1990-）。这两个方案将市场经济体制引入坦桑尼亚粮食生产经济。许多坦桑尼亚的农村社会正在被这些项目彻底改变。我们选择了坦桑尼亚的六个不同的农村村庄，在那里我们测量了田地，进行了问卷调查和访谈。六个村庄中有四个在莫罗戈罗区，一个在伊林加区，另一个在莫希区。在本文中，我们说明了在选定的农业社区的小农户和非正式信贷市场的组织之间的非正式信贷系统的重要性。其次，分析了市场自由化对农户扩大生产决策的影响;第三，分析了新的粮食贸易商，他们是当地村庄的农民;最后，分析了旧稻田农业系统中的社会文化变迁，并与现代稻田农业系统进行了比较。