Agronomical and archaeological investigations on origin of cultivated rice and rice culture in ancient China

中国古代栽培稻起源及稻文化的农学和考古调查

• 批准号: 04041079
• 负责人: WASANO Kikuo
• 金额: $ 4.8万
• 依托单位: SAGA University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1992 至 1993
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04041079/
• 关键词: Ancient rice; Rice culture; Yangtze river basin; China Prehistoric remains; Yunnan province; Origin of rice; 考古遺伝学; 稲作農耕文化; 中国古代稲; 炭化稲粒; DNA分析; プラント・オパール; 古代稲作農耕; 漢時代; 古代稲作遺跡

The earliest archaeological finds of ancient rice, together with other the remains of rice culture ; agricultural implements for cultivation, earthenware of cookers and containers, and bones of cattle and wild animals, were obtained from the excavations on the lower basin of the Yangtze or the alluvial lowland area facing Hangzhou bay (***). The dates based on radiocarbon measurement were around 4000-5000 BC. The distributions of the earliest prehistoric remain of rice culture in China were concentrated along the central and lower basin of the Yangtze, which covered more than 70% of all the remains excavated in the country.On the other hand, in the Yunnan Province, from where original rice cultivation has been insisted by some researchers to have occurred and spread over downstream to the lower basins of the Yangzte or other some great Rivers, some eight remains of rice culture were excavated and the dates of the prehistoric remains were found to be much newer than those from the lower basin of the Yangtze. The earliest one of those carbon-dated back to ca.1000-2000 BC in the area was Baiyangcun dated 1820 + 85 BC (***, ***, ***) and followed by Dadungzi dated 1470 + 55 BC (* **, ***, ***).Grain dimensions of rice excavated from the ancient archaeologiacal sites(remains or dynastic tombs) in China(18 sites), Korea(two sites) and Japan(12 sites) were measured by scaled photographs.

最早的古代稻作考古发现以及其他稻作文化遗迹;耕作农具、炊具和容器陶器以及牛和野生动物的骨头都是在长江下游盆地或冲积平原上发现的。面向杭州湾的低地地区（*）。基于放射性碳测量的日期大约是公元前4000-5000年。中国史前最早的稻作文化遗存主要分布在沿着长江中下游地区，占全国稻作文化遗存的70%以上，而在云南省，稻作文化遗存的分布主要集中在长江中下游地区。一些研究人员坚持认为，最初的水稻种植是从那里开始的，并蔓延到长江下游或其他一些大的流域。在长江下游地区，发掘出8处稻作文化遗存，发现史前稻作文化遗存的年代比长江下游地区晚得多。其中最早的一个碳-追溯到公元前1000 -2000年在该地区是白杨村，日期为公元前1820 + 85（***，***，***），然后是公元前1470 + 55年的大墩子（*，*，*）.古代考古遗址出土稻谷的粒度中国（18处）、朝鲜（2处）和日本（12处）的墓葬（遗迹或王朝墓葬）。