Comparative Pathological and Comparative Anatomical Studies on African Great Apes in Congo

1. 每年在刚果，估计有400-600只大猩猩被森林和经济部自然保护局杀害和食用。该局正通过水边行动，努力遏制上述孤儿的海外外流。应自然保护局的要求，作者对1991年7月保护后冷冻保存的18具孤儿大猩猩尸体中的3具尸体进行了解剖。尸检结果均为消化道内无内容物，肾上腺皮质明显肥大。这3具尸体未见致死性胸内和腹腔病变。以上发现和大猩猩普遍的精神低下导致这3名死亡的孤儿被诊断为神经性厌食症，可能是由于杀害父母造成的精神损害，2只大猩猩在孤儿院没有得到照顾，在孤儿院开始的时候就被送到了孤儿院。在1991年夏季大猩猩孤儿院建立之前和期间，大猩猩孤儿死于应激性神经性厌食症。1992年夏天，珍·古道尔研究所黑猩猩孤儿院在刚果国家动物园成立，并将普通黑猩猩的遗体冷冻保存，命名为“珍”。除了肺部有轻微的肺炎症状外，简的其他器官没有明显的致命变化。6月，西部低地大猩猩的5头和倭黑猩猩的1头因流行人类流感而死亡。8月，有4人感染了小儿麻痹症，这是一种人类传染病。两个痊愈的头有后肢麻痹的后遗症。动物的死亡原因从1991年的神经性厌食症转变为1992年的人介导的传染病。这一事实表明，保护类人猿孤儿需要采取健康婴儿、预防各种传染病的疫苗接种等措施。

1. Each year in the Congo an estimated 400-600 gorillas are killed and consumed by the Bureau of Nature Conservation, Ministry of Forest & Economy. The Bureau is making efforts to check overseas outflow of the above orphans by means of water's edge operations. At request of the Bureau of Nature Conservation, the authors carried out autopsy of 3 out of 18 remains of dead orphan gorilla kept under freeze-preservation following their protection at July 1991. Common autopsy findings to these three remains were none of the contents in digestive tract and remarkable adrenocortical hypertrophy. No lethal intrathoracic and intraperitoneal lesions were note in these 3 remains. The above findings and gorilla's general hyposthenia led to the diagnosis of these 3 dead orphans as ANOREXIA NERVOSA, probably caused by mental damage through terrible of killing parent and two gorillas were not care of in Orphanage and the remain was brought to the Orphanage at its beginning stratagem.2. Before and during the period of establishment of the Gorilla orphanage of in summer 1991, Gorilla orphans died of stress-induced anorexia nervosa. In summer 1992, the Jane Goodall Institute Chimpanzee Orphanage was established within the National Congo Zoological Garden and had the remains of common chimpanzee named "JANE" freeze-preserved. Beside slight pneumonic symptom in her lungs, Jane showed no remarkable lethal change in other organs. In June, 5 heads of Western lowland gorilla and 1 head of Bonobo died under the prevalence of human influenza. In August, 4 heads contracted polio, a human infectious disease. Two healed heads have sequel of behind leg palsy. There exists a change in the animal's cause of death from anorexia nervosa in 1991 to man-mediated infectious disease in 1992. This fact suggests that the protection of Great apes orphans requires such approaches as health infants, prophylactic vaccination for various kinds of infectious diseases, etc.