Editing of Audio-Visual Ethogram for African Great Apes and Behavioral Comparison Based on the Ethogram.

非洲类人猿视听行为图的编辑及基于行为图的行为比较。

基本信息

批准号：
10440255
负责人：
NISHIDA Toshisada
金额：
$ 3.65万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10440255/
关键词：
Chimpanzee Bonobo Gorilla Audio-Visual Ethogram Behavioral comparison Behavior of the Last Common Ancestor Grooming behavior Great Apes エソグラムヒト共通祖先文化

项目摘要

An audio-visual ethogram of the chimpanzees was compiled from rush videotapes of wild chimpanzees of the Mahale Mountains, Tanzania. Each behavior pattern has been given ethogram number after the ethogram compiled by Nishida et al (1999), behavioral name, explanation of the behavior, chimpanzee's name, date of shooting, place of shooting, name of the shooter. Grooming behavior of three African great apes were compared in terms of frequency, behavioral patterns and age/sex class among which grooming occurs most frequently. It has been elucidated that chimpanzees and bonobos are similar in every respect and that gorillas invest little in grooming and have much shorter bout. Gorillas also lack in the behavioral pattern of solicitation and way of grooming is not refined. However, gorillas do have the behavioral pattern of removing lice eggs. Bonobos are similar to chimpanzees in investing 10% of their waking time in grooming. However, variation in behavioral patterns is limited among bonob … More os. Three great apes do not differ in that grooming is most frequent and of dedicated nature between mother and offspring. This would be explained by the likely hypothesis that ectoparasites-removing function of grooming should appear most directly between mother and offspring. Contexts and function of paternal, greeting, copulatory, display, play and bed-making behavior are compared among great apes and between mountain and eastern lowland gorillas, based on the videotapes. Consequently, it has proved that although gorillas share many common behavioral characteristics with chimpanzees, similar behavior may occur in different contexts, or may have different functions. Immature gorillas tend to show behavioral components of threat more often than chimpanzees. This phenomenon may have relation with the fact that male gorillas neither establish dominance-subordination relationships nor coexist with each other after the adolescence. As an example of behavioral differences between races, we have found that the same calls used in courtship by mountain gorillas are emitted as contact calls among eastern lowland gorillas. It has also been confirmed that gorilla make beds above the ground as one of the anti-predator strategies Less

黑猩猩的视听伦理图是由坦桑尼亚玛哈尔山脉的野生黑猩猩的Rush录像带汇编而成的。 Nishida等人（1999年）编写的伦理图，行为名称，行为的解释，黑猩猩的名称，拍摄日期，拍摄地点，射击者名称，给出了每个行为模式。比较了三个非洲大猿的修饰行为，以频率，行为模式和年龄/性别的方式进行比较，其中修饰最常发生。人们已经阐明了黑猩猩和bo骨在各个方面都是相似的，而大猩猩对美容的投资很少，而且回合较短。大猩猩也缺乏招标的行为模式和修饰方式。但是，大猩猩确实具有去除许可卵的行为模式。 Bonobos类似于黑猩猩在将其清醒时间的10％用于修饰时类似。但是，行为模式的差异在BONOB之间受到限制……更多OS。三个伟大的猿猴没有差异，因为梳理最常是母亲和后代之间的敬业性。这可能是通过以下假设来解释的：修饰的外寄生物避开功能应最直接地出现在母亲和后代之间。根据录像带，比较了大猿之间以及山区和东部低地大猩猩之间的父亲，问候，交配，展示，游戏和制作行为的背景和功能。因此，事实证明，尽管大猩猩与黑猩猩具有许多共同的行为特征，但在不同的情况下可能会发生相似的行为，或者可能具有不同的功能。与黑猩猩相比，未成熟的大猩猩倾向于表现出威胁的行为成分。这种现象可能与雄性大猩猩既没有建立优势 - 提法关系，也没有在青少年之后彼此共存。作为种族之间行为差异的一个例子，我们发现，山上大猩猩在求爱的求爱中使用相同的电话是东部低地大猩猩之间的接触电话。也已经确认，大猩猩作为反对策略之一的一种床在地面上方。