Modelling of Carnot Batteries with Latent Thermal Energy Storages

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The global objective of the project is to identify, model and simulate, and evaluate concepts for Carnot Batteries (CB) based on latent thermal energy storage (TES), which can compensate for the volatility of wind and solar electric power generation. Realistic operation scenarios will be defined and used as a basis, which in particular also include intermittent operation at partial load and variable operating states. This global objective for the first three-year funding period will be achieved via an inverse approach in several steps, for which the following specific goals G1 to G6 are defined: G1: Determination of operation scenarios for CBs with latent TES. G2: Design and layout of the TES and derivation of simplified models of the TES that can be used in the CB overall system simulation. G3: Identification of the essential parameters and understanding of their influence on the CB efficiency by systematic simulations based on an inverse approach. G4: Derivation of specific parameter combinations that lead to favorable CB system configurations. G5: Transparent quantification of losses in components and sub-processes applying an exergy analysis of the selected systems with a detailed model. G6: Determination of the costs and the Technology Readiness Level (TRL) of the selected systems to be taken into account in a multi-criterial evaluation.