ARID ENVIRONMENT COMPREHENSIVE MONITORING PROJECT (AECMP)

在黑河流域野外试验（HEIFE，1989-1993）的基础上，1994 - 1996年在民勤（38 ° 38 ′ N，130 ° 15 ′ E）和临泽（39 ° 23 ′ N，100 ° 10 ′ E）及其周边地区继续进行了河西走廊自然环境的气象和水文监测。资料来自5个自动气象站、2座20米气象塔、2套辐射测量系统、3个雨量计和4口地下水位威尔斯井，除连续监测外，还在每年夏季进行特别的集中观测。1994年，对土壤和低层大气中的水汽输送进行了集中观测。结果表明，在土壤（沙）浅层中，水汽总是向上输送的。在低层大气中，在两个不同高度（距地面1.2m和8.9m）测量了水汽的湍流输送。在某些情况下，8.9m处的输运是向下的， 关于我们 1995年的观测重点是绿洲与荒漠的相互作用。在绿洲和沙漠之间的一个明确边界上设立了四个观测点。在每个站点，土壤温度，辐射和湍流输送的显热和潜热近地表的密集测量。利用系留气球系统观测了该流域的风、温、湿垂直廓线，并对该流域的气流进行了数值模拟。采用MASCON模式进行三维风场分析。一个静力中尺度气象模式也被用来模拟气象场的时间演变。该模式较好地再现了热力对比引起的局地环流特征。还利用LANDSAT数据进行了一项研究，以绘制地表特征的水平分布图，如地表温度、归一化植被指数、地表温度、感热和潜热通量。少

In succession to the Heihe River Basin Field Experiment (HEIFE,1989-1993), meteorological and hydrological monitoring of the natural environment in the Hexi Corridor was continued at Minqin (38ﾟ 38'N,130ﾟ5'E), and Linze (39ﾟ23'N,100ﾟ10'E) and its surrounding area during the period from 1994 to 1996. The date were collected from five automatic weather stations, two 20m meteorological tower, two radiation measuring systems, three raingauges, and four wells measuring ground water level.In addition to the continuous monitoring, special intensive observation was conducted in the summer of each year. In 1994, the water vapor transport in the soil and in the lower atmosphere was intensively observed. It was cleared that water vapor is always transported upward in the shallow surface layr of soil (sand). In the lower atmosphere the turbulent transport of water vapr was measured at two different height (1.2m and 8.9m above surface). In some occasions the transport at 8.9m was downward whereas i … More t was upward at 1.2m.The purpose of observation in 1995 was focused on the interaction between oasis and desert. Four observation sites were set up crossing a well defined boundary between the oasis and the desert. At each site, soil temperature, radiation, and turbulent transport of sensible and latent heat near the surface are intensively measured. The vertical profile of wind, temperature, and humidity were also observed by the tethered balloon systems.Furthermore, numerical studies on the air flow over the basin were conducted. The MASCON model was employed to analyze the three dimensional wind field. A hydrostatic mesoscale meteorological model was also used to simulate the temporal evolution of the meteorological fields. By the model the features of the local circulation induced by the thermal contrast were well reproduced. A study of mapping the horizontal distribution of land surface characteristics such as surface albedo, NDVI,surface temperature, sensible and latent heat flux were also conducted using LANDSAT data. Less