Crop Productivity of Low Input Sustainable Agriculture in the Northeast Thailand

点击翻译按钮获取中文摘要

Monbusho Grant-in-Aid for International Scientific Research Project entitled "Crop productivity of low input sustainable agriculture in northeast of Thailand" is the cooperative research project between School of Agriculture, Kyushu Tokai University and Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University. The project initiated at 1994 and terminated at 1996 in Japanese fiscal years. During these 3 years, Kyushu tokai University despatched total 11 research scientists including various research fields such as Agronomy, Pomology, Horticulture, Entomology and Plant Pathology, and invited total 16 research scientists from Khon Kaen University, including various research fields as same as the scientists despatched from Kyushu Tokai University.The main research results obtained from this cooperative research activities are summarized as follows :(1) Agronomy field : In the northeast district of Thailand, 42% total area is plane., but there are a few river flows and irrifgated areas are only 8% of c … More rop cultivated areas. For establishment of sustainable crop production, it is necessary to breed rice varieties introducing resistant genes of rice brown plant hopper, and to apply continuously of organic matter including excrement from animals for keeping and improving soil fertility.(2) Vegetables and ornamental plants production field : It was found out some strains of melon plants have a heigher grafting compatibility between Japanese melon variety as graft and melon or some cucurbitaceous vegetables of native Thai varieties. The selection of resistant to disease and insect pest from grafted melon plants were conducted in the field without application of any pesticides. For breeding of new hybrid variety of orchid, we were carried out the investigation of isolation of protoplast from leaf tissue of orchid and formation of cullus from isolated protoplast.(3) Pomology field : It is clear that there are some close relationships between flowering and fruiting and some nutrients content of mango tree plant. It is highly expected that breeding of high quality and seedless triploid citrus will advance with introduction of triploid citrus varieties from Kyushu Tokai University.(4) Entomology field : From the investigation of key-pests in northeast Thailand, it is identified that diamond back moth and striped flea beetle are also important pests in northeast Thailand as same as Japan. It is pointed out that to find out the natural enemy and to investigate of ecology on the natural enemy of those key-pests and some insect pests of rice, are the most important and the most urgent for research thesis.(5) Plant Pathology field : Rhizoctonia diseases including rice sheath blight are also important disease of northeast Thailand as same as Japan. On rice sheath blight in northeast Thailand, it is identified that causal fungal strain is mainly as same as Japan (Rhizoctonia solani AG-1), but there are some specfic strains distributed in the tropics. Less