A study on the differences of folk culture in the littoral of the Sea of Japan

日本海沿岸民俗文化差异研究

• 批准号: 06451060
• 负责人: FUKUTA Azio
• 金额: $ 1.34万
• 依托单位: NIIGATA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1994 至 1996
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06451060/
• 关键词: EAST AND WEST; FOLKLORE; REGIONAL DIFFERENCE; TURN SYSTEM; COUNCIL SYSTEM; HOMESTEAD; INDIVIDUAL; LITTORAL OF THE SEA OF JAPAN; 景観; 村落組織; 日本海

In the central part of Japan, village landscape is very different in the East district and West district. What the village landscape shows is a reflection of the internal order of the society ; in the east where the ie (homestead) is stressed, and the west where the mura (village) is stressed. The village landscape of eastern Japan shows the individual homestead as closed spaces, where facilities necessary for daily life have tended to be setup in or near the homestead. Village landscape in the west, on the other hand, does not show individual homestead clearly. The village as a whole is one entity, and concentration as a mura is shown by the density of the village and the openness of individual houses. Individual homesteads are merely places to live in, and facilities necessary for other living and production activities are set up by and for the whole villages.And this time I moved my viewpoint from the Pacific Ocean area to the Sea of Japan littoral. As a result of investigations in Fukui, Toyama, Niigata and Yamagata prefecture for three years, I could approximately confirm the difference of east and west at the Sea of Japan littoral in the same way. Specially in a village of Kamijima, Toyama prefecture, individual homestead is stressed. Toyama prefecture shows the eastern social order.

在日本中部地区，东区和西区的村庄景观有很大的不同。村落景观所表现的是社会内部秩序的反映;在东部强调的是ie（宅基地），而在西部则强调mura（村庄）。日本东部的村庄景观将个人宅基地视为封闭空间，日常生活所需的设施往往设置在宅基地内或附近。另一方面，西部的村庄景观并没有清楚地显示出个体的宅基地。村庄作为一个整体是一个实体，村庄的密度和单个房屋的开放性表明了村的集中性。个人宅基地只是居住的地方，其他生活和生产活动所需的设施都是由整个村庄建立的，也是为整个村庄建立的。而这一次，我把视角从太平洋地区移到了日本海的沿岸的。通过对福井、富山、新泻、山形县三年的调查，也大致确认了日本海沿岸的东西差异。特别是在富山县上岛的一个村庄，个人宅基地受到了重视。富山县显示了东部的社会秩序。