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An Empirical Study on the Conditions of Existence and the Managerial Function of Large-Scale Farming Entities

规模化养殖主体生存条件与经营职能实证研究

基本信息

批准号：
06451124
负责人：
KUROKAWA Isao
金额：
$ 1.86万
依托单位：
HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The study empirically investigates the present situation, the conditions of existence, and the managerial features of large-scale farming entitis.The large-scale rice-growing entities are found over a wide area of Hokkaido. Their conditions of existence and managerial features may bo summarized as follows : 1. In the rice paddy areas of Hokkaido, enlargement of the managerial scale is mainly through the enterprise for effective ownership of farmland managed be Hokkaido Agricultural Development Bureau. 2. The enterprise facilitates the circulation of farmland, but local communities have to pay the interest. It may be difficult to attract farmers who are willing to sell their land when land prices are falling. Besides, the enterprise involves more and more office work. 3. The land is tend to be purchased rather abruptly, not systematically. 4. The land is often purchased a lot at a time, which leads to related investment such as machinery and facilitics. 5. The related investment may not be made systematically. 6. Rice insurance policies play an important part in decreasing the risk of crop fluctuation in the long run. 7. The insurance policies are crucial for recovering serious cold-weather damage, while its role is rather small when the crop is stable.In this way, the empirical results suggest that the managerial scale, including the acreage, should be enlarged systematically, that even large-scale farming entities do not have great ability to invest, to redeem the capital invested, and to diminish the managerial risk, and that the supporting measures are indispensable such as the enterprise for effective ownership of farmland and rice insurance policies.In addition, large-scale farming entities in Hokkaido are inferior to those in Tofken in ability to respond to the markets.

本研究以北海道的广大地区为对象，对大规模水稻种植企业的现状、存在条件和经营特点进行了实证调查。它们的存在条件和管理特点可以概括为：1.在北海道的稻田地区，经营规模的扩大主要是通过北海道农业开发局经营的农地有效所有权企业来实现的。2.企业促进了农田的流转，但当地社区必须支付利息。在土地价格下跌时，可能很难吸引愿意出售土地的农民。此外，企业涉及越来越多的办公室工作。3.土地往往是突然购买的，而不是有计划的。4.土地通常一次购买很多，这会导致机械和设施等相关投资。5.相关投资可能不会系统地进行。6.从长期来看，水稻保险政策在降低作物波动风险方面发挥了重要作用。7.保险政策对严重冷害的恢复至关重要，而在作物稳定时，保险政策的作用相对较小。因此，实证结果表明，应系统地扩大包括种植面积在内的经营规模，即使是规模较大的农业实体，也没有很大的投资能力、收回投资的能力和降低经营风险的能力。此外，北海道的大规模农业实体在应对市场的能力上不如托夫肯，因此，在农业生产方面，必须采取有效的措施。