Research on the Development of Chinese Frontier Districts

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In 1997, Chinese researchers came to Japan, and investigated farmer and organization concerned in cooperation. The objective regions were dairy farming zone in Nemuro branch office and Sarufutsu village in Soya branch office. Except for thses dairy farming zone, research team also investigated in rice cropping area. The contents of the investigation are mainly process of deforestation in Shin-Sinotsu village and Shin-Totsukawa town. The detail of the contents are as follws.1) It decides to think of the farm village sevice from the SOC and the rural organization. Because the stock with SOC was low, the farm village service in the dairy farming zone needed the basic sevice of the agriculture production. The sevice had a lot of meanings in addition to influencing living environment, too.2) On the other hand, the purpose of the settlement organization was pioneering at first but changed to the production and forwarding of raw milk gradually. The important crisis is the establishment of the dairy farming promotion meeting which accompanies that a lack of payment system is started. Since then, that meeting became the center of the basic service system to the agriculture production and the service of the settlement organization was carried forward. It is possible to say that the service of the rural organization to complement the sevice of the SOC was placed as one of the farm village services.3) Because of the food policy for a production increase after W.W.II,the farm village sevice in rice cropping area developed earlier than it in dairy farming zone. However, the farm village sevice in the high rank peaty land area needed the capital of the World Bank and so on. Also, to use such a capital effectively, the service of the rural organization was needed.4) In this way, the pioneering history in Hokkaido shows two important factors for pioneering. The one is the service of the SOC and another is the service of the rural organization to utilize it successfully.