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Research on the Development of Chinese Frontier Districts

中国边疆地区发展研究

基本信息

批准号：
07044023
负责人：
KUROKAWA Isao
金额：
$ 6.02万
依托单位：
Hokkaido University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07044023/
关键词：
BORDER AREA POVERTY MINORITY RACE JOINT RESEARCH BETWEEN JAPAN AND CHINA GUIZHOU YUNNAN GENERAL DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL AREA IN CHAINA XINJIANG UYGUR AUTONOMOUS PREFECTURE 総合開発方策新彊ウイグル自治区

项目摘要

In 1997, Chinese researchers came to Japan, and investigated farmer and organization concerned in cooperation. The objective regions were dairy farming zone in Nemuro branch office and Sarufutsu village in Soya branch office. Except for thses dairy farming zone, research team also investigated in rice cropping area. The contents of the investigation are mainly process of deforestation in Shin-Sinotsu village and Shin-Totsukawa town. The detail of the contents are as follws.1) It decides to think of the farm village sevice from the SOC and the rural organization. Because the stock with SOC was low, the farm village service in the dairy farming zone needed the basic sevice of the agriculture production. The sevice had a lot of meanings in addition to influencing living environment, too.2) On the other hand, the purpose of the settlement organization was pioneering at first but changed to the production and forwarding of raw milk gradually. The important crisis is the establishment of the dairy farming promotion meeting which accompanies that a lack of payment system is started. Since then, that meeting became the center of the basic service system to the agriculture production and the service of the settlement organization was carried forward. It is possible to say that the service of the rural organization to complement the sevice of the SOC was placed as one of the farm village services.3) Because of the food policy for a production increase after W.W.II,the farm village sevice in rice cropping area developed earlier than it in dairy farming zone. However, the farm village sevice in the high rank peaty land area needed the capital of the World Bank and so on. Also, to use such a capital effectively, the service of the rural organization was needed.4) In this way, the pioneering history in Hokkaido shows two important factors for pioneering. The one is the service of the SOC and another is the service of the rural organization to utilize it successfully.

1997年，中国研究人员赴日，与日本合作，对农户和有关组织进行了调查。目标区域为根室分支办公室的奶牛养殖区和Soya分支办公室的Sarufutsu村。除了奶牛养殖区，研究小组还在水稻种植区进行了调查。调查的内容主要是新新之津村和新十津川町的森林砍伐过程。具体内容如下：1）决定从社会组织和农村组织两个层面来思考农村服务。奶牛养殖区农村服务业由于SOC存量低，需要农业生产的基本服务。这项服务除了影响生活环境之外，还有很多意义。2）另一方面，定居组织的目的最初是开拓性的，但逐渐转变为原奶的生产和运输。重要的危机是奶牛养殖促进会的成立，伴随着缺乏支付系统的开始。此后，以农会为中心的农业生产基本服务体系的建立，使聚落组织的服务得以发扬光大。可以说，农村组织的服务是对SOC服务的补充，是作为农村服务的一种。（3）由于二战后粮食增产政策的影响，水稻种植区的农村服务比奶牛养殖区的农村服务发展得早。然而，高等级泥炭地地区的农村服务需要世界银行等的资金支持，而且要有效地利用这些资金，还需要农村组织的服务。4）这样，北海道的创业史就显示出创业的两个重要因素。一个是SOC的服务，另一个是农村组织的服务，以成功地利用它。