Development of Microsphere-aggregated Menbrane and its Filtration Characteristics

通常已知的是，通过膜的水处理是环境友好的，这是由于它们的小规模设施和能量效率。然而，为了将应用扩展到水处理，开发具有更少结垢和更高机械强度的此类膜。如今，许多聚合物膜已被开发以满足这一需求，但迄今为止还没有商业膜成功地满足这一需求。为了克服这一问题，本项目的目标是通过新技术开发微团聚膜.聚四氟乙烯和聚四氟乙烯膜的研制开发了一种在陶瓷载体上形成聚合物微球薄层的新技术。在该方法中，PTFE、Teflon及其混合物的微球从悬浮液中附着并聚集在支撑体上。通过SEM照片、ESCA分析和气体渗透实验等表征，证明了该膜作为一种新型分离膜具有良好的应用前景.水处理用活性炭膜的研制通过对上述技术的推广，研制了水处理用活性炭膜，并进行了若干典型应用。活性炭的前驱体为PVdC和PVA微球。所研制的膜具有尺寸截留膜和对小分子有机物具有吸附能力的活性炭两种功能。此外，注意到吸附到活性炭膜上非常快。此外，提出并论证了电热再生，其中活性炭膜通过直接电加热瞬时加热。结果表明，新型水处理材料和工艺同时开发成功。

It is known in general that the water treatments by the membrane are environment-friendly due to their small scale facilities and energy-efficiency. However, in order to extend the application to water treatment, the development of such membranes that have less fouling and more mechanical strength. Nowadays, many polymer membranes have been developed to meet this demand, but no commercial membrane have successfully met this demand so far. In order to overcome this siuation, this project has aimed to develop the microshereaggregated membrane by novel techniques.1. Development of PTFE and Teflon mmembranesA new techniques were developed to form a thin layr of polymer microsheres on the ceramic support. In this method, the microspheres of PTFE,Tefron and their mixture were attached and aggregated from the suspension on the suppot. The characterizations of the resultant membrane such as SEM pictures, ESCA analyzes and gas permeation experiments have proven that it has interesting and promising as a novel separation membrane.2. Development of activated carbon membrane for water treatmentsBy extending the above-mentioned techniques, the activated carbon membrane for water treatment was developed and applied to a few model cases. The precursors of the activated carbon were PVdC and PVA microspheres. The membrane developed had two functions as the membrane with size-rejection and the activated carbon with adsorption capacities for low molecular organics. Also, it was noted that the adsorption onto the activated carbon membrane was extremely fast. Furthemore, the electro thermal regeneration was proposed and demonstrated, where the activated carbon mambrane was instantaneously heated up by direct electric heating. It was concluded that the new material and process for unique water treatments were simultaneously and successfully developed.