Study of the mechanism of spermtransport and nerve control, and its clinical application

一、控制精子经输精管运输的自主神经系统：在哺乳动物中，腰内脏神经（L_1<2-5>）经腹下神经至输精管的神经通路以双交叉神经支配系统控制精子经输精管的运输。两个交叉点分别为肠系膜下丛（人的上级腹下丛）和双侧盆丛之间的连合支。我们发现，刺激骨盆神经，不引起血管压力的升高，在完整的动物是能够引起血管压力的升高后，切断双侧腹下神经。有两种机制可以解释这一现象，一种是来自腰骶交感干的盆神经中所含交感神经通路的代偿作用，另一种是盆神经中节前神经元在盆丛中出芽到腹下神经中节后神经元。何 ...更多信息 直接电刺激附睾尾和输精管的任何部位都只引起附睾尾管腔内压力升高，而刺激睾丸、头和附睾体则无反应。在刺激过程中，滴注在附睾尾的染料被释放到尿道中。停止刺激后不久，输精管中残留染料的逆行运动导致其最终再次进入附睾尾。血管壁的扩张仅在扩张部位产生腔内压升高。上述结果表明，精子有快速的顺行和逆行运动，附睾尾在精子运输中起着关键作用。III.自主神经的吻合。精道包括输精管、膀胱颈和前列腺的功能，在横断后恢复，并立即进行显微手术端对端，腹下神经末端缝合IV.一种新的犬排精方法及其在男性中的应用：输精管的直接电刺激：刺激遗精症患者的输精管，可引起精液从射精口排出，并获得活动精子。少

I.Autonomic nervous system controlling sperm transport through the vas deferens.In mammalians the nerve pathway from the lumbar splanchnic nerve (L_<2-5>) to the vas deferens via the hypogastric nerve controls sperm transport through the vas with double cross-innervation system. The two crossing points were the inferior mesenteric plexus (superior hypogastric plexus in human) and the commissural branches between bilateral pelvic plexuses. We found that stimulation of the pelvic nerve which does not elicit elevation of vasal pressure in intact animals is able to elicit elevation of vasal pressure after transection of the hypogastric nerve bilaterally. Two mechanisms to explain this phenomenon were found ; one is compensation by the sympathetic nerve pathway included in the pelvic nerve originated from the lumbo-sacral sympathetic trunk and the other is sprouting of the preganglionic neuron in the pelvic nerve to the postganglionic neuron in the hypogastric nerve at the pelvic plexus. Ho … More rmonal control of sperm transport by the greater splanchnic nerve-adrenal medulla system was highly suspected.II.The mechanism of sperm trasport through the vas deferes.Direct electrical stimulation of any site of the cauda epididymis and vas deferens caused elevation of the intraluminal pressure only at the cauda epididymis, whereas stimulation of the testis, caput, and corpus epididymis caused no response. The dye instilled in the cauda epididymis was emitted into the urethra during the stimulation. Shortly after discontinuation of the stimulation, retrograde movement of residual dye in the vas deferens resulted in its ultimate reentry into the cauda epididymis. Distention of the wall of the vas generated elevation of the intraluminal pressure only at the site distended. The above results indicate the presence of rapid antegrade and retrograde movement of the sperm and crucial role of the cauda epididymis on the sperm transport.III.Anastomosis of the autonomic nerve.Function of the seminal tract including the vas deferens, bladder neck and prostate, was restored after transection and immediate microsurgical end-to-end suture of the hypogastric nerve.IV.A new method to generate canine seminal emission and its application to men : Direct electrical stimulation of the vas deferens.Stimulation of the vas deferens of patients with emission loss elicited seminal emission from the ejaculatory orifice and motile spermatozoa were obtained. Less